Enrofloxacin

An antibiotic used in veterinary medicine

File:Enrofloxacin structure.svg

Chemical structure of Enrofloxacin

Enrofloxacin is a fluoroquinolone antibiotic used in veterinary medicine to treat a variety of bacterial infections in animals. It is effective against both Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria, making it a broad-spectrum antibiotic.

Mechanism of Action

Enrofloxacin works by inhibiting bacterial DNA gyrase and topoisomerase IV, enzymes that are essential for DNA replication and transcription. This inhibition leads to the disruption of bacterial DNA synthesis, ultimately causing bacterial cell death.

Pharmacokinetics

Enrofloxacin is well absorbed after oral administration and is widely distributed throughout the body. It penetrates tissues and body fluids, including the central nervous system, lungs, and urinary tract. The drug is metabolized in the liver to form ciprofloxacin, which also has antibacterial activity.

Uses in Veterinary Medicine

Enrofloxacin is commonly used to treat infections in companion animals such as dogs, cats, and birds, as well as in livestock including cattle, pigs, and poultry. It is effective against infections of the respiratory tract, urinary tract, gastrointestinal tract, and skin.

Side Effects

While enrofloxacin is generally well tolerated, it can cause side effects in some animals. Common side effects include gastrointestinal upset, such as vomiting and diarrhea. In young animals, enrofloxacin can affect cartilage development, leading to joint pain and lameness.

Resistance

The use of enrofloxacin, like other antibiotics, can lead to the development of antibiotic resistance. It is important to use this medication judiciously and only when prescribed by a veterinarian.

Related pages

• Fluoroquinolone
• Antibiotic resistance
• Veterinary medicine