Enhanceosome
Enhanceosome
Enhanceosome (pronounced en-han-so-some) is a complex of transcription factors and other proteins that bind to the enhancer region of a gene to increase its transcription. The term was first coined in the late 1990s to describe the specific assembly of proteins that regulate the transcription of the interferon beta gene.
Etymology
The term "enhanceosome" is a portmanteau of "enhancer" and "some", derived from the Greek word "soma", meaning body. The term reflects the function of the complex in enhancing the transcription of a gene.
Structure and Function
The enhanceosome is a multi-protein complex that binds to the enhancer region of a gene. It includes various transcription factors and coactivators, which work together to increase the rate of transcription. The enhanceosome is assembled in a highly ordered manner, with each component binding to a specific sequence within the enhancer. This precise assembly is crucial for the enhanceosome's function.
Related Terms
- Transcription (genetics): The process by which the information in a strand of DNA is copied into a new molecule of messenger RNA (mRNA).
- Transcription factor: A protein that controls the rate of transcription of genetic information from DNA to messenger RNA, by binding to a specific DNA sequence.
- Enhancer (genetics): A short region of DNA that can be bound by proteins (activators) to increase the likelihood that transcription of a particular gene will occur.
- Coactivator (genetics): A type of transcriptional coregulator that binds to an activator (a transcription factor) to increase the rate of transcription of a gene or set of genes.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Enhanceosome
- Wikipedia's article - Enhanceosome
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