Elastomer

Elastomer is a type of polymer that exhibits elastic or rubbery properties. The term, which is derived from elastic polymer, is often used interchangeably with the term rubber, although the latter is preferred for vulcanizates. Each of the monomers which link to form the polymer is usually made of carbon, hydrogen, oxygen and/or silicon. Elastomers are amorphous polymers maintained above their glass transition temperature, so that considerable segmental motion is possible.

Characteristics

Elastomers are usually thermosets but may also be thermoplastic. The long polymer chains cross-link during curing, i.e., vulcanizing. The molecular structure of elastomers can be imagined as a 'spaghetti and meatball' structure, with the meatballs signifying cross-links. The versatility of elastomer materials comes from the ability to vary the base polymer and to vary the level and type of cross-linking.

Applications

Elastomers are used in a variety of applications, ranging from gaskets to paint rollers to gel pads. They are used in the manufacture of tires, belts, hoses, gloves, sleeves, insulation, and in the production of rubber bands.

Types of Elastomers

There are various types of elastomers, including:

• Natural rubber
• Synthetic rubber
• Silicone rubber
• Neoprene
• Polybutadiene
• Styrene-butadiene
• Nitrile rubber
• Butyl rubber
• Ethylene propylene diene monomer rubber
• Polyurethane

See Also

• Polymer
• Thermosets
• Thermoplastic
• Vulcanization
• Monomer

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  IUPAC definition for an elastomer in polymer chemistry

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  Elastomer