Dimethylacetamide

Dimethylacetamide (DMA) is an organic compound with the formula CH3C(O)N(CH3)2. This colorless, water-miscible, high boiling liquid is commonly used as a polar solvent in organic synthesis. DMA is miscible with most other solvents although it is poorly soluble in aliphatic hydrocarbons.

Chemical Properties

Dimethylacetamide is a derivative of acetic acid. Its IUPAC name is N,N-dimethylacetamide (DMA). It is a member of the class of acetamides that is acetamide in which both of the hydrogens attached to the nitrogen atom have been replaced by methyl groups. It has a role as a polar aprotic solvent. It is a conjugate base of a dimethylammonium.

Production

Commercially, it is produced by the reaction of dimethylamine with acetic acid. Alternatively, it can be produced by the carbonylation of dimethylamine.

Uses

Dimethylacetamide is used in the production of acrylic fibers. It is also used as a solvent for polyvinyl chloride (PVC), polyurethane, and synthetic resins, and is used in the pharmaceutical industry for the production of certain drugs. In addition, it is used in the manufacture of pesticides and in the photographic film industry.

Health Effects

Exposure to dimethylacetamide can cause irritation to the skin, eyes, and mucous membranes. It can also cause nausea, headache, and dizziness. Long-term exposure can lead to serious liver damage.

Safety

Dimethylacetamide is not classified as a carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (IARC), but it has been shown to cause liver damage in animals. It is recommended that exposure be limited as much as possible.

See Also

• Acetamide
• Dimethylamine
• Acetic acid

References

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  Dimethylacetamide chemical structure
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  Industrial synthesis of dimethylacetamide