Deoxyribonucleotides
Deoxyribonucleotides
Deoxyribonucleotides (pronounced: dee-ox-ee-rye-boh-noo-klee-oh-tides) are the building blocks of DNA (Deoxyribonucleic acid). They are composed of a nitrogenous base, a deoxyribose sugar, and a phosphate group.
Etymology
The term "Deoxyribonucleotides" is derived from the Greek words "deoxyribo" meaning "lacking oxygen" and "nucleotide" which refers to the basic structural unit of nucleic acids such as DNA.
Types of Deoxyribonucleotides
There are four types of deoxyribonucleotides, each distinguished by their nitrogenous base. These include:
- Deoxyadenosine monophosphate (dAMP)
- Deoxycytidine monophosphate (dCMP)
- Deoxyguanosine monophosphate (dGMP)
- Deoxythymidine monophosphate (dTMP)
Function
Deoxyribonucleotides play a crucial role in the formation of DNA. They are involved in the process of DNA replication, where they are used to create new strands of DNA. They also play a role in DNA repair mechanisms, helping to maintain the integrity of the genetic code.
Synthesis
Deoxyribonucleotides are synthesized from ribonucleotides through the action of the enzyme ribonucleotide reductase. This process occurs in the cell nucleus and is essential for DNA replication and repair.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Deoxyribonucleotides
- Wikipedia's article - Deoxyribonucleotides
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