Cytokine release syndrome

Cytokine Release Syndrome

Cytokine release syndrome (CRS), pronounced as /ˈsaɪtoʊkaɪn rɪˈliːs ˈsɪndroʊm/, is a systemic inflammatory response that can be triggered by a variety of factors such as infections, certain drugs, and cancer immunotherapy. The term "cytokine release syndrome" was first used in the 1990s.

Etymology

The term "cytokine" is derived from the Greek words "cyto-" meaning cell and "kinos" meaning movement. "Syndrome" comes from the Greek word "syndromē" which means "concurrence".

Definition

CRS is a systemic response to the administration of certain therapeutic agents, where a large number of cytokines are suddenly released in the body. This can lead to a variety of symptoms ranging from mild flu-like symptoms to severe, life-threatening complications.

Symptoms

Symptoms of CRS can vary widely in severity. They may include fever, fatigue, headache, rash, rapid heartbeat, low blood pressure, and difficulty breathing. In severe cases, CRS can lead to multiple organ failure and death.

Causes

CRS is most commonly caused by certain types of cancer immunotherapies, such as CAR T-cell therapy. It can also be triggered by severe infections, certain drugs, and other medical conditions.

Treatment

Treatment for CRS typically involves managing the symptoms and may include the use of medications to reduce inflammation and control the immune response. In severe cases, hospitalization and intensive care may be required.

Related Terms

• Cytokine
• Immunotherapy
• Inflammation
• CAR T-cell therapy

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Cytokine release syndrome
• Wikipedia's article - Cytokine release syndrome

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