Contraceptive sponge

A contraceptive device used to prevent pregnancy

Overview

The contraceptive sponge is a small, round device made from soft, squishy plastic foam. It is used as a barrier method of contraception to prevent pregnancy. The sponge is inserted into the vagina before sexual intercourse and works by covering the cervix to block sperm from entering the uterus.

A contraceptive sponge

Composition and Mechanism

The contraceptive sponge is typically made of polyurethane foam and is infused with a spermicide, usually nonoxynol-9. The spermicide serves to immobilize and kill sperm, providing an additional layer of protection against pregnancy. The sponge is designed to fit snugly against the cervix, creating a physical barrier that prevents sperm from reaching the egg.

Usage

To use the contraceptive sponge, it must be moistened with water to activate the spermicide. The sponge is then folded and inserted into the vagina, ensuring it covers the cervix. It can be inserted up to 24 hours before intercourse and must be left in place for at least 6 hours after the last act of intercourse to ensure effectiveness. However, it should not be left in for more than 30 hours in total.

Effectiveness

The effectiveness of the contraceptive sponge varies depending on whether the user has given birth before. For women who have never given birth, the failure rate is approximately 9% with typical use. For women who have given birth, the failure rate increases to about 20% with typical use. The sponge does not protect against sexually transmitted infections (STIs).

Advantages and Disadvantages

Advantages

• Non-hormonal method of contraception
• Can be used on demand, only when needed
• Provides some degree of spontaneity as it can be inserted hours before intercourse

Disadvantages

• Less effective for women who have given birth
• Does not protect against STIs
• May cause irritation or allergic reactions in some users

Related pages

• Contraception
• Barrier method
• Spermicide
• Cervical cap
• Diaphragm (contraceptive)