Coccolithophore

Coccolithophore

Coccolithophore (pronunciation: /ˌkɒkəˈlɪθəˌfɔːr/) is a type of phytoplankton that is covered with small calcium carbonate plates, known as coccoliths. The term "coccolithophore" comes from the Greek words "kokkos" meaning "grain", "lithos" meaning "stone", and "phoros" meaning "bearer".

Coccolithophores are a major component of the marine phytoplankton community and play a crucial role in the carbon cycle due to their ability to photosynthesize and produce calcium carbonate shells. They are also known for their role in the formation of chalk deposits, such as the White Cliffs of Dover.

Life Cycle

The life cycle of coccolithophores involves two distinct phases: the haploid phase and the diploid phase. In the haploid phase, the cells are smaller and do not produce coccoliths. In the diploid phase, the cells are larger and produce coccoliths.

Distribution

Coccolithophores are found in all oceans, from the tropics to the polar regions. Their distribution is influenced by factors such as light, temperature, and nutrient availability.

Impact on Climate

Coccolithophores play a significant role in the Earth's climate system. They contribute to the carbon cycle by taking up carbon dioxide during photosynthesis and releasing it when their calcium carbonate shells sink and dissolve in the deep ocean.

Related Terms

• Phytoplankton
• Carbon cycle
• Calcium carbonate
• Haploid
• Diploid
• Tropics
• Polar regions

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Coccolithophore
• Wikipedia's article - Coccolithophore

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