Clostridium tetani

Clostridium tetani (/klɒˈstrɪdɪəm tɪˈtænaɪ/) is a Gram-positive, rod-shaped, obligate anaerobic bacterium of the genus Clostridium. It is the causative agent of tetanus, a serious and potentially fatal disease in humans and other animals.

Etymology

The name Clostridium tetani is derived from the Greek words kloster (meaning spindle) and tetanos (meaning tension), referring to the bacterium's shape and its ability to cause muscle stiffness and spasms, respectively.

Characteristics

Clostridium tetani is characterized by its ability to produce tetanospasmin, a potent neurotoxin that causes the clinical manifestations of tetanus. The bacterium is also known for its ability to form endospores, which are highly resistant to environmental conditions and can survive for long periods in soil and other materials.

Pathogenesis

Infection with Clostridium tetani typically occurs through a wound or injury that becomes contaminated with the bacterium's spores. Once inside the body, the spores germinate and the bacteria begin to produce tetanospasmin, which interferes with the normal functioning of the nervous system, leading to the characteristic symptoms of tetanus.

Treatment and Prevention

Treatment for Clostridium tetani infection primarily involves the administration of tetanus antitoxin to neutralize the tetanospasmin, along with antibiotics to kill the bacteria. Prevention of tetanus is achieved through vaccination with the tetanus vaccine, which stimulates the immune system to produce antibodies against the toxin.

Related Terms

External links

Medical encyclopedia article on Clostridium tetani
Wikipedia's article - Clostridium tetani

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Clostridium tetani