Citrus production

Citrus production is the cultivation and harvest of citrus species to produce fruit for consumption. Citrus is a genus of flowering trees and shrubs in the rue family, Rutaceae. The most commonly cultivated citrus fruits are the orange, lemon, grapefruit, and lime.

History

Citrus production has a rich history dating back to ancient times. The cultivation of citrus fruits began in Southeast Asia and spread to the Mediterranean region and the Americas through trade and exploration.

Citrus Species

There are several species of citrus fruits that are commercially grown. These include:

• Orange: The orange is the most widely grown citrus fruit. It is a hybrid of ancient cultivated origin, possibly between pomelo and mandarin.
• Lemon: The lemon is a species of small evergreen tree native to Asia, primarily used for its juice, though the pulp and rind are also used, primarily in cooking and baking.
• Grapefruit: The grapefruit is a subtropical citrus tree known for its relatively large sour to semi-sweet fruit.
• Lime: Limes are a small citrus fruit, whose skin and flesh are green in color and which have an acidic juice vesicles.

Cultivation

Citrus trees are typically grown in tropical and subtropical climates. They require a lot of sunlight and well-drained soil. The trees are also sensitive to frost.

Harvesting

Citrus fruits are typically harvested by hand to prevent damage to the fruit. The fruit is then sorted and packed for distribution.

Diseases and Pests

Citrus trees are susceptible to a number of diseases and pests. These include the citrus canker, citrus greening disease, and the Asian citrus psyllid.

Production by Country

The largest producers of citrus fruits are China, Brazil, the United States, and Mexico.

See Also

• Citrus
• Citrus greening disease
• Citrus canker
• Asian citrus psyllid

References

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