Cinfenine

A vasodilator drug

Cinfenine
[[File: Chemical structure of Cinfenine |frameless|220px|alt=|]]
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CAS Number	77-37-2
PubChem	68654
DrugBank
ChemSpider	61909
KEGG	D07068

Cinfenine is a vasodilator drug that was developed for the treatment of angina pectoris. It functions by dilating the blood vessels, thereby improving blood flow and reducing the workload on the heart. This article provides an overview of its chemical properties, mechanism of action, and clinical applications.

Chemical Properties

Cinfenine is chemically classified as a ketone and belongs to the class of phenylpyrrolidines. Its systematic IUPAC name is 1-(2,3-dimethylphenyl)-2-(pyrrolidin-1-yl)ethanone. The molecular formula is C₁₄H₁₉NO, and it has a molecular weight of 217.31 g/mol.

The chemical structure of Cinfenine includes a pyrrolidine ring, which is a five-membered nitrogen-containing ring, and a dimethylphenyl group. This structure is crucial for its pharmacological activity as a vasodilator.

Mechanism of Action

Cinfenine acts primarily as a vasodilator. It works by relaxing the smooth muscles in the walls of blood vessels, leading to their dilation. This process decreases the vascular resistance and allows blood to flow more easily through the vessels. As a result, the heart does not have to work as hard to pump blood, which can alleviate symptoms of angina.

The exact molecular mechanism by which Cinfenine induces vasodilation is not fully understood, but it is believed to involve the modulation of calcium channels and possibly the adrenergic receptors.

Clinical Applications

Cinfenine was primarily used in the management of angina pectoris, a condition characterized by chest pain due to reduced blood flow to the heart muscle. By improving blood flow, Cinfenine helps to relieve the pain and discomfort associated with angina.

However, the use of Cinfenine has declined with the development of newer and more effective vasodilators and anti-anginal medications, such as beta blockers and calcium channel blockers.

Pharmacokinetics

The pharmacokinetic profile of Cinfenine includes its absorption, distribution, metabolism, and excretion. After administration, Cinfenine is absorbed into the bloodstream and distributed throughout the body. It is metabolized primarily in the liver and excreted via the kidneys.

Safety and Side Effects

As with many vasodilators, the use of Cinfenine can be associated with side effects such as headache, dizziness, and hypotension (low blood pressure). These effects are generally related to the vasodilatory action of the drug.

Related Pages

• Vasodilator
• Angina pectoris
• Calcium channel blocker
• Beta blocker