Chylomicrons

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Chylomicrons

Chylomicrons (pronounced: kai-lo-MY-krons) are a type of lipoprotein that transport lipids from the intestine to other parts of the body. They are the largest and least dense of the lipoproteins.

Etymology

The term "chylomicron" comes from the Greek words "chylos", meaning juice, and "mikros", meaning small. This refers to their role in transporting dietary lipids in the form of small particles.

Function

Chylomicrons are synthesized in the enterocytes of the small intestine. They transport dietary triglycerides, cholesterol, and fat-soluble vitamins from the intestine to other tissues, where they are either stored or used for energy.

Structure

Chylomicrons are composed of a core of triglycerides and cholesterol esters surrounded by a shell of phospholipids, free cholesterol, and proteins. The main protein in chylomicrons is apolipoprotein B-48.

Related Terms

  • Lipoprotein: A complex of lipids and proteins that transport lipids in the blood.
  • Triglyceride: A type of fat found in the blood.
  • Cholesterol: A waxy, fat-like substance that's found in all cells of the body.
  • Apolipoprotein: A protein that binds lipids to form lipoproteins.
  • Enterocyte: A cell of the intestinal lining that absorbs nutrients.

External links

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