Apolipoprotein
Apolipoprotein
Apolipoprotein (pronounced: /ˌæpəˌlaɪpəˈprɔʊtiːn/) is a type of protein that binds lipids (oil-soluble substances such as fat and cholesterol) to form lipoproteins. They transport lipids through the lymphatic and circulatory systems.
Etymology
The term "Apolipoprotein" is derived from the Greek words 'apo' meaning 'away from', 'lipos' meaning 'fat' and 'proteios' meaning 'of the first quality'.
Types of Apolipoprotein
There are several types of apolipoproteins, each with a different function. These include:
- Apolipoprotein A: This is the main component of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in plasma.
- Apolipoprotein B: This is present in low-density lipoprotein (LDL), which carries cholesterol to tissues.
- Apolipoprotein C: This is involved in lipid metabolism.
- Apolipoprotein E: This is involved in the metabolism of triglyceride-rich lipoprotein constituents.
Related Terms
- Lipoprotein: A biochemical assembly that contains both proteins and lipids, bound to the proteins, which allow fats to move through the water inside and outside cells.
- Cholesterol: A waxy, fat-like substance that's found in all the cells in your body.
- Triglyceride: A type of fat (lipid) found in your blood.
- Lipid Metabolism: The process by which fatty acids are digested, absorbed, and used as energy in the body.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Apolipoprotein
- Wikipedia's article - Apolipoprotein
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