Chelating agents

Chelating Agents

Chelating agents (pronunciation: kee-lay-ting agents) are a type of chemical compound that has the ability to form several bonds with a single metal ion. The term "chelate" is derived from the Greek word "chele," which means claw, referring to the claw-like manner in which the molecule grasps the ion.

Etymology

The term "chelate" was first used by Sir Gilbert T. Morgan and H. D. K. Drew in 1920, who derived it from the Greek word "χηλή," meaning "claw." The term was used to describe the claw-like action of the molecules that trap a metal ion.

Function

Chelating agents are used in a variety of applications. In medicine, they are used to treat metal poisoning by binding to the metal in the body and helping to remove it. They are also used in water treatment, to remove metal ions that can cause hardness and discoloration.

Types of Chelating Agents

There are several types of chelating agents, including:

EDTA (Ethylenediaminetetraacetic acid): This is a widely used chelating agent that can bind to a variety of metal ions.
DMSA (Dimercaptosuccinic acid): This is used in medicine to treat lead poisoning.
DMPS (Dimercaptopropane sulfonate): This is used to treat mercury and arsenic poisoning.

Related Terms

Metal ion: An atom or molecule with a net electric charge due to the loss or gain of one or more electrons.
Poisoning: The condition that occurs when a person is exposed to a substance that can cause harm or death.
Water treatment: The process of making water more acceptable for a specific end-use, such as drinking, industry, or medicine.