Bone cancer
Bone Cancer
Bone cancer (/boʊn ˈkænsər/) is a malignant tumor that originates or spreads to the bone. While it can occur in any bone in the body, it most commonly affects the long bones in the arms and legs.
Etymology
The term "bone cancer" is derived from the Latin words "os" meaning bone, and "cancer" meaning crab, due to the crab-like spread of the disease.
Types of Bone Cancer
There are several types of bone cancer, each with its own characteristics. These include:
- Osteosarcoma - This is the most common type of bone cancer, which usually affects children and young adults.
- Chondrosarcoma - This type of bone cancer originates in the cartilage, the smooth rubbery connective tissue on the ends of bones.
- Ewing's Sarcoma - This is a rare type of bone cancer that typically affects children and young adults.
- Multiple Myeloma - This type of bone cancer starts in the bone marrow and affects the plasma cells.
Symptoms
Symptoms of bone cancer can vary greatly depending on the type and location of the cancer. Common symptoms include:
- Pain in the affected bone
- Swelling and tenderness near the affected area
- Fatigue
- Unintended weight loss
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of bone cancer typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, imaging tests such as X-ray, CT scan, MRI, and PET scan, and biopsy.
Treatment
Treatment for bone cancer depends on the type, size, location, and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Treatment options include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, and targeted therapy.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Bone cancer
- Wikipedia's article - Bone cancer
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