Azo compound
Azo Compound
An Azo Compound (pronunciation: /ˈeɪzoʊ ˈkɒmpaʊnd/) is a type of chemical compound that contains a nitrogen-nitrogen double bond, represented by the formula R-N=N-R'. The term "azo" comes from the French word "azote", meaning nitrogen.
Etymology
The term "azo" is derived from the ancient Greek word "azotos" meaning lifeless, which was used to describe nitrogen due to its inability to support life on its own. The term was later adopted by the French as "azote", and then incorporated into English as "azo" to denote compounds containing a nitrogen-nitrogen double bond.
Structure and Properties
Azo compounds are characterized by the presence of a diazenyl functional group (-N=N-), which is also known as an azo group. The R and R' in the formula can represent a variety of chemical groups, but are typically hydrocarbon groups. Azo compounds are often brightly colored and are used extensively in dyeing industries.
Related Terms
- Diazonium Compound: A type of compound that can be used to synthesize azo compounds.
- Azo Dye: A type of dye that contains an azo group.
- Functional Group: A specific group of atoms within a molecule that is responsible for the characteristic chemical reactions of that molecule.
- Hydrocarbon: Organic compounds consisting entirely of hydrogen and carbon.
Synthesis
Azo compounds are typically synthesized from a diazonium compound through a process known as diazotization. This involves the reaction of a primary aromatic amine with nitrous acid, followed by coupling with a phenol or aniline.
Uses
Azo compounds are widely used in the dyeing industry due to their bright colors. They are also used in the production of pigments, food colorants, and pharmaceuticals.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Azo compound
- Wikipedia's article - Azo compound
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