Atrioventricular nodal branch

Atrioventricular Nodal Branch

The Atrioventricular Nodal Branch (AV nodal branch) is a small artery that originates from the Right Coronary Artery (RCA). It is responsible for supplying blood to the Atrioventricular Node (AV node) of the heart. The AV node is a part of the electrical conduction system of the heart that coordinates the top of the heart. It does this by slowing down electrical signals before they reach the ventricles. This delay ensures that the ventricles contract later than the atria, allowing for efficient blood flow within the heart.

Etymology

The term "Atrioventricular" is derived from the Latin words "atrium" and "ventriculus" which mean "entry hall" and "little belly" respectively. The term "nodal" is derived from the Latin "nodus" which means "knot". The term "branch" is derived from the Old English "branca" which means "arm".

Anatomy

The AV nodal branch usually arises from the RCA in right-dominant coronary systems, which is the case in about 90% of individuals. In the remaining 10%, it can arise from the Circumflex Artery (LCX). The artery travels in the atrioventricular groove, also known as the coronary sulcus, towards the AV node.

Clinical Significance

Blockage of the AV nodal branch can lead to Atrioventricular Block (AV block), a condition where the conduction of the electrical signals from the atria to the ventricles is impaired. This can result in a slower heart rate and syncope (fainting). Treatment of AV block depends on the severity of the symptoms and may include medication or the implantation of a Pacemaker.

Related Terms

• Coronary Circulation
• Heart
• Coronary Arteries
• Atrioventricular Node
• Right Coronary Artery
• Circumflex Artery
• Atrioventricular Block
• Pacemaker

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