Anti-emetics
Anti-emetics
Anti-emetics (pronounced: an-tee-eh-met-iks) are a group of medications used to prevent or treat Nausea and Vomiting, common symptoms associated with a variety of conditions and treatments.
Etymology
The term "anti-emetic" is derived from the Greek words "anti", meaning against, and "emetikos", meaning causing vomiting.
Types of Anti-emetics
There are several types of anti-emetics, each working in a different way to prevent or treat nausea and vomiting. These include:
- Serotonin (5-HT3) receptor antagonists: These drugs block the action of serotonin, a chemical in the brain that can trigger nausea and vomiting.
- Dopamine antagonists: These medications block dopamine, another chemical in the brain that can cause nausea and vomiting.
- Antihistamines: These drugs work by blocking histamine, a chemical in the body that can cause nausea and vomiting.
- Cannabinoids: These are drugs derived from the marijuana plant that can help to control nausea and vomiting, particularly in patients undergoing chemotherapy.
Uses of Anti-emetics
Anti-emetics are commonly used in a variety of medical situations, including:
- To prevent and treat nausea and vomiting caused by Chemotherapy or Radiation therapy for cancer.
- To control nausea and vomiting during and after surgery.
- To treat nausea and vomiting caused by Gastroenteritis, Pregnancy, Migraine, and certain medications.
- To manage symptoms of Motion sickness.
Side Effects of Anti-emetics
Like all medications, anti-emetics can cause side effects. These can vary depending on the specific drug used, but may include:
Patients should always discuss potential side effects with their healthcare provider before starting a new medication.
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