Anterior cerebral artery

Anterior Cerebral Artery

The Anterior Cerebral Artery (ACA) is one of the major arteries supplying blood to the brain. It is a branch of the internal carotid artery and forms part of the Circle of Willis, a circular anastomosis at the base of the brain that provides an important collateral circulation pathway.

Anatomy

The ACA arises from the internal carotid artery as it enters the cranial cavity. It travels anteriorly and medially around the corpus callosum, supplying the medial and superior parts of the cerebral hemisphere. This includes the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, and parts of the limbic system.

Branches

The ACA gives off several branches, including the callosal arteries, cortical branches, and perforating branches. These supply various structures within the brain, including the cortex, white matter, and deep structures such as the basal ganglia and internal capsule.

Clinical significance

Blockage of the ACA can lead to anterior cerebral artery syndrome, a type of stroke that can cause a range of neurological deficits. These can include motor impairment, sensory loss, and cognitive and behavioural changes.

See also

• Middle cerebral artery
• Posterior cerebral artery
• Circle of Willis

References

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