Angiotensin II receptor type 2
Angiotensin II receptor type 2 (AT2R) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the AGTR2 gene. It is a part of the renin-angiotensin system, which plays a key role in regulating blood pressure and fluid balance.
Structure
The AT2R is a member of the G protein-coupled receptor superfamily. It is composed of 363 amino acids and has seven transmembrane domains. The gene encoding this receptor is located on the X chromosome.
Function
The AT2R is expressed in many tissues, including the heart, kidneys, and adrenal glands. It is involved in various physiological processes such as vasodilation, anti-inflammation, and apoptosis. The receptor is activated by the peptide hormone angiotensin II, which binds to the receptor and triggers a series of intracellular events.
Clinical significance
Alterations in the function or expression of the AT2R have been implicated in several diseases, including hypertension, heart failure, and renal disease. Drugs that target the AT2R, such as angiotensin receptor blockers, are used in the treatment of these conditions.
Research
Research is ongoing to further understand the role of the AT2R in health and disease. This includes studies on its potential role in cancer, neurological disorders, and aging.
See also
References
| Genes on human chromosome X | ||||||
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This human chromosome X related article is a stub.
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