Analgesic nephropathy
Analgesic Nephropathy
Analgesic nephropathy (/ænəlˈdʒiːzɪk nɪˈfrɒpəθi/) is a type of kidney disease that results from the long-term use of certain analgesic medications. The term is derived from the Greek words "an-" (without), "algos" (pain), and "nephros" (kidney), and the suffix "-pathy" (disease).
Overview
Analgesic nephropathy is a chronic kidney disease that can lead to end stage renal disease (ESRD). It is most commonly associated with the overuse or misuse of non-prescription pain relievers, especially those that contain phenacetin or its metabolite, acetaminophen, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as aspirin and ibuprofen.
Symptoms
Symptoms of analgesic nephropathy can include polyuria (excessive urination), hematuria (blood in the urine), and flank pain. In advanced stages, symptoms may also include anemia, hypertension (high blood pressure), and uremia (high levels of waste products in the blood).
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of analgesic nephropathy typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. Imaging studies such as ultrasound or computed tomography (CT) scan may also be used.
Treatment
Treatment for analgesic nephropathy primarily involves discontinuing the use of the offending analgesic drugs. In severe cases, dialysis or kidney transplantation may be necessary.
Prevention
Prevention of analgesic nephropathy involves the judicious use of analgesic medications, particularly those containing phenacetin or acetaminophen, and NSAIDs.
See also
- Chronic kidney disease
- End stage renal disease
- Phenacetin
- Acetaminophen
- Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Analgesic nephropathy
- Wikipedia's article - Analgesic nephropathy
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