Nucleoside

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Nucleoside

A Nucleoside (/ˈnjuːklɪəˌsaɪd/) is a compound that is an integral part of the genetic material in all living organisms. It is a subunit of nucleic acids, such as DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) and RNA (ribonucleic acid).

Etymology

The term "Nucleoside" is derived from the words "nucleus", referring to the central part of an atom, and "side", from the Greek "sidos", meaning "a seat".

Structure

A nucleoside consists of a nitrogenous base and a sugar (ribose or deoxyribose) molecule. The nitrogenous base can be either a purine (adenine or guanine) or a pyrimidine (cytosine, thymine, or uracil).

Function

Nucleosides play a crucial role in various biological functions. They are the building blocks of nucleic acids, which are essential for the storage and transmission of genetic information. In addition, they are involved in the regulation of various physiological processes, such as protein synthesis and cell division.

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