Acetoacetic acid

Acetoacetic Acid

Acetoacetic acid (pronunciation: a-see-toe-a-see-tic acid) is a type of ketone body that is produced when the body metabolizes fat for energy. It is a weak acid that is typically found in trace amounts in the body, but its levels can increase significantly during periods of fasting, starvation, or high-intensity exercise.

Etymology

The term "acetoacetic acid" is derived from the Latin words acetum, meaning vinegar, and acetum aceticum, meaning acetic acid. The suffix "-ic" is added to denote that it is an acid.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Acetoacetic acid has the chemical formula C4H6O3. It is a colorless liquid that has a pungent smell and is soluble in water. It is a carboxylic acid that contains a ketone functional group, which gives it its acidic properties.

Biological Role

In the human body, acetoacetic acid is produced in the liver from acetyl-CoA, a molecule that is derived from the breakdown of carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. It is then transported to other tissues, where it can be converted into energy.

Health Implications

High levels of acetoacetic acid in the body can lead to a condition known as ketoacidosis, which is characterized by a high concentration of ketone bodies in the blood. This condition is commonly seen in individuals with diabetes, and can be life-threatening if not treated promptly.

Related Terms

• Ketone bodies
• Ketoacidosis
• Acetyl-CoA
• Carboxylic acid
• Ketone

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Acetoacetic acid
• Wikipedia's article - Acetoacetic acid

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