Sulfonmethane

A sedative and hypnotic drug

Sulfonmethane
File:Sulfonmethane.svg
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CAS Number	115-24-2
PubChem	6851
DrugBank
ChemSpider	6591
KEGG	D07268

Sulfonmethane, also known as sulfonal, is a sedative and hypnotic drug that was historically used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. It belongs to the class of organosulfur compounds and is chemically classified as a sulfone.

History

Sulfonmethane was first synthesized in the late 19th century by the German chemist Eugen Baumann. It was introduced into medical practice in the 1880s as a sedative and hypnotic agent. During this period, it was commonly used to induce sleep in patients suffering from insomnia and other sleep-related disorders.

Chemical Structure and Properties

Sulfonmethane is a symmetrical molecule with the chemical formula C₇H₁₆O₄S₂. It consists of a central propane backbone with two ethylsulfonyl groups attached to the second carbon atom. The presence of these sulfonyl groups is responsible for its sedative properties.

File:Sulfonmethane-3D-balls.png

Ball-and-stick model of sulfonmethane

Pharmacology

Sulfonmethane acts as a central nervous system depressant. It enhances the activity of the inhibitory neurotransmitter gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) in the brain, leading to sedative and hypnotic effects. This mechanism of action is similar to that of other barbiturates, although sulfonmethane is chemically distinct from them.

Medical Use

Historically, sulfonmethane was used to treat insomnia and other sleep disorders. It was administered orally in the form of tablets or powders. However, due to the development of safer and more effective sedative-hypnotic drugs, such as benzodiazepines, the use of sulfonmethane has declined significantly.

Side Effects

The use of sulfonmethane can lead to several side effects, including drowsiness, dizziness, and headache. In some cases, it may cause gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and vomiting. Prolonged use can lead to tolerance and dependence, similar to other sedative-hypnotic drugs.

Current Status

Today, sulfonmethane is rarely used in clinical practice due to the availability of newer and safer alternatives. It is primarily of historical interest and is studied for its role in the development of sedative-hypnotic pharmacology.

Related pages

• Sedative
• Hypnotic
• Insomnia
• Barbiturate
• Benzodiazepine