Trihexyphenidyl

Medication used to treat Parkinson's disease and drug-induced movement disorders

Chemical structure of Trihexyphenidyl

3D model of Trihexyphenidyl

Trihexyphenidyl, also known by the brand name Artane, is a medication primarily used to treat Parkinson's disease and extrapyramidal symptoms caused by antipsychotic medications. It is classified as an anticholinergic agent.

Medical uses

Trihexyphenidyl is used to manage symptoms of Parkinson's disease, such as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia. It is also effective in treating drug-induced parkinsonism and other extrapyramidal side effects associated with the use of antipsychotic medications.

Mechanism of action

Trihexyphenidyl works by blocking acetylcholine receptors in the central nervous system. This action helps to restore the balance between acetylcholine and dopamine, which is often disrupted in Parkinson's disease and by certain medications.

Side effects

Common side effects of trihexyphenidyl include dry mouth, blurred vision, constipation, urinary retention, and confusion. In some cases, it may cause hallucinations or delirium, particularly in older adults.

Synthesis

Synthesis of Trihexyphenidyl

The synthesis of trihexyphenidyl involves the reaction of alpha,alpha-diphenyl-4-piperidinemethanol with cyclohexyl bromide. This process results in the formation of the active compound.

Stereochemistry

Trihexyphenidyl has two enantiomers, (R)-trihexyphenidyl and (S)-trihexyphenidyl, which differ in their spatial arrangement.

(R)-Trihexyphenidyl

(S)-Trihexyphenidyl

History

Trihexyphenidyl was first introduced in the 1940s as a treatment for Parkinson's disease. It has since been used to manage drug-induced movement disorders, particularly those associated with antipsychotic medications.

Related pages

• Parkinson's disease
• Anticholinergic
• Extrapyramidal symptoms