Pterygium (eye)

Pterygium (eye) is a benign growth of the conjunctiva or mucous membrane that covers the white part of the eye over the cornea. It is often associated with and stimulated by ultraviolet (UV) light exposure, such as sunlight, and low humidity environments. The condition is often known as "surfer's eye" due to its common occurrence in surfers. Individuals with pterygium have a growth of pink, fleshy tissue on the white of the eye. This growth usually extends from the nasal side of the eye.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of pterygium is a visible growth on the eye. Other symptoms can include redness, inflammation, and occasionally blurred vision if the growth extends to the cornea. Some people may also experience a burning sensation or itchiness.

Causes

The exact cause of pterygium is not known, but it is associated with excessive exposure to wind, sunlight, or sand. Therefore, it is more likely to occur in people who live in warm climates and spend a lot of time outdoors in sunny or windy weather.

Treatment

Treatment for pterygium depends on the severity of the symptoms. For mild cases, no treatment is needed. If the pterygium becomes red and irritated, eye drops or eye ointments may be used to help reduce inflammation. If the pterygium is large enough to threaten sight or is unsightly, it can be removed surgically. However, despite proper surgical removal, the pterygium may return, particularly in young people.

Prevention

While it is not always possible to prevent pterygium, protecting the eyes from excessive UV light exposure by wearing protective sunglasses, and using artificial tears to keep them moist, may help.

See also

• Pinguecula
• Conjunctivitis
• Corneal ulcer

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