Corneal transplantation
Corneal Transplantation
Corneal transplantation, also known as corneal grafting or keratoplasty, is a surgical procedure where a damaged or diseased cornea is replaced by donated corneal tissue. The cornea is the transparent front part of the eye that covers the iris, pupil, and anterior chamber.
Pronunciation
Corneal transplantation: /kɔːrˈniːəl ˌtrænsplɑːnˈteɪʃən/
Etymology
The term "corneal transplantation" is derived from the Latin word "cornea" meaning "horny", due to its toughness and resilience, and the Latin word "transplantare" meaning "to plant in another place".
Procedure
The procedure involves the removal of a circular portion of the full thickness of the patient's cornea and replacing it with a similarly sized piece of a healthy donor cornea. The new cornea is then sutured into place. The surgery is typically performed under local anesthesia.
Types of Corneal Transplantation
There are two main types of corneal transplantation: full thickness corneal transplantation (also known as penetrating keratoplasty) and partial thickness corneal transplantation (also known as lamellar keratoplasty).
Full Thickness Corneal Transplantation
In a full thickness corneal transplantation, the entire thickness of the cornea is replaced. This is typically used for conditions where the entire cornea is affected.
Partial Thickness Corneal Transplantation
In a partial thickness corneal transplantation, only part of the cornea is replaced. This is typically used for conditions where only part of the cornea is affected.
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Corneal transplantation
- Wikipedia's article - Corneal transplantation
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