Choroid plexus papilloma

A rare, benign tumor of the choroid plexus

Choroid Plexus Papilloma

Choroid plexus papilloma is a rare, benign tumor that arises from the choroid plexus, a network of cells that produce cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) in the ventricular system of the brain. These tumors are most commonly found in children but can also occur in adults.

Pathophysiology

The choroid plexus is located within the ventricles of the brain, and its primary function is the production of CSF. A choroid plexus papilloma is a neoplasm that originates from the epithelial cells of the choroid plexus. These tumors are typically well-circumscribed and can lead to increased production of CSF, potentially causing hydrocephalus due to obstruction of CSF flow or overproduction.

Clinical Presentation

Patients with choroid plexus papilloma may present with symptoms related to increased intracranial pressure, such as headache, nausea, vomiting, and papilledema. In infants, signs may include macrocephaly and bulging fontanelle. Neurological deficits may occur depending on the location and size of the tumor.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of choroid plexus papilloma is typically made through imaging studies. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the preferred modality, as it provides detailed images of the brain and can help differentiate between choroid plexus papilloma and other types of brain tumors. On MRI, these tumors often appear as well-defined, lobulated masses that enhance with contrast.

Treatment

The primary treatment for choroid plexus papilloma is surgical resection. Complete removal of the tumor often results in a cure, as these tumors are benign and do not typically invade surrounding brain tissue. In cases where complete resection is not possible, additional treatments such as radiotherapy may be considered.

Prognosis

The prognosis for patients with choroid plexus papilloma is generally favorable, especially when the tumor is completely resected. Recurrence is rare, and long-term outcomes are excellent in most cases. However, the presence of hydrocephalus may require additional management, such as the placement of a ventriculoperitoneal shunt.

Related Pages

• Choroid plexus carcinoma
• Hydrocephalus
• Ventricular system
• Neoplasm