Ventricular system

Ventricular System

The Ventricular System (/vɛnˈtrɪkjʊlər ˈsɪstəm/) is a set of four interconnected cavities (ventricles) in the brain, where the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is produced. The ventricular system is composed of 2 lateral ventricles, the third ventricle, and the fourth ventricle.

Etymology

The term "ventricular" is derived from the Latin word "ventriculus", which means "little belly". This is in reference to the ventricles' hollow, fluid-filled nature.

Structure

The ventricular system is composed of:

Lateral ventricles - These are the first and second ventricles, which are located in the cerebral hemispheres. Each lateral ventricle consists of a central part and four horns: anterior, posterior, inferior and the atrium.
Third ventricle - This is a narrow, funnel-shaped cavity located in the midline of the brain, between the two thalami. It communicates with the lateral ventricles through the interventricular foramen (also known as the foramen of Monro).
Fourth ventricle - This is a tent-shaped cavity located between the cerebellum and the dorsal aspect of the pons and upper part of the medulla oblongata. It communicates with the third ventricle through the cerebral aqueduct (also known as the aqueduct of Sylvius).

Function

The ventricular system is responsible for the production, transport, and removal of cerebrospinal fluid, which provides mechanical protection to the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerves, supplies nutrients, and removes waste products.

Related Terms

Cerebrospinal fluid - A clear, colorless body fluid found in the brain and spinal cord.
Ependymal cells - These are the cells that line the ventricles and produce cerebrospinal fluid.
Hydrocephalus - A condition that occurs when there is an accumulation of cerebrospinal fluid within the brain, causing increased pressure inside the skull.