5-Androstenedione

A steroid hormone used as a precursor in the biosynthesis of androgens and estrogens

5-Androstenedione is a steroid hormone that serves as a precursor in the biosynthesis of both androgens and estrogens. It is an important intermediate in the metabolic pathway that leads to the production of testosterone and estradiol.

Chemical Structure

5-Androstenedione is classified as an androstane steroid. Its chemical structure is characterized by a four-ring core with a ketone group at the 17th carbon position. The molecular formula of 5-Androstenedione is C₁₉H₂₆O₂.

Biosynthesis

5-Androstenedione is synthesized from dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA) through the action of the enzyme 3_-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. It can be further converted into testosterone by the enzyme 17_-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase or into estrone by the enzyme aromatase.

Physiological Role

As a precursor to both androgens and estrogens, 5-Androstenedione plays a crucial role in the regulation of sexual development and reproductive function. It is involved in the development of secondary sexual characteristics and the maintenance of reproductive tissues.

Clinical Significance

5-Androstenedione levels can be measured to assess adrenal gland function and to diagnose disorders of steroidogenesis. Abnormal levels may indicate conditions such as congenital adrenal hyperplasia or polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).

Related Compounds

• Androstenedione
• Testosterone
• Estradiol
• Dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA)

Related Pages

• Steroid hormone
• Endocrine system
• Hormone synthesis

Gallery

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  Chemical structure of 5-Androstenedione