Splenius muscles

Splenius Muscles are a group of muscles located in the back of the neck and the upper part of the vertebral column. They are part of the superficial layer of the deep cervical muscles, and they are involved in movements of the head and neck.

Etymology

The term "Splenius" is derived from the Greek word "σπληνίον" (splēnion), which means bandage. This is in reference to the broad, flat shape of these muscles.

Anatomy

The Splenius Muscles consist of two muscles: the Splenius Capitis and the Splenius Cervicis.

Splenius Capitis

The Splenius Capitis originates from the lower half of the nuchal ligament, the spinous processes of the seventh cervical vertebra, and the spinous processes of the first three thoracic vertebrae. It inserts into the mastoid process of the temporal bone and the lateral third of the superior nuchal line.

Splenius Cervicis

The Splenius Cervicis, also known as the Splenius Colli, originates from the spinous processes of the third to the sixth thoracic vertebrae. It inserts into the posterior tubercles of the transverse processes of the first to the third cervical vertebrae.

Function

The Splenius Muscles are responsible for various movements of the head and neck. When both muscles contract together, they extend the neck. When they contract individually, they rotate and bend the neck to the same side.

Clinical Significance

Injury or strain to the Splenius Muscles can cause neck pain, headache, and restriction in neck movement. Treatment usually involves physical therapy, pain management, and in severe cases, surgery.

See Also

• List of muscles of the human body
• Neck anatomy
• Vertebral column

References

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