Hypokinesia

Hypokinesia refers to decreased bodily movement. It is one of the symptoms of Parkinson's disease and other neurological disorders. Hypokinesia is often associated with bradykinesia, which is a slowing down and loss of spontaneous and automatic movement.

Causes

Hypokinesia is caused by damage to the basal ganglia, a group of nuclei in the brain associated with control of voluntary motor movements, procedural learning, and habit formation. This damage can be due to a variety of factors, including neurodegenerative diseases, stroke, trauma, or infection.

Symptoms

The primary symptom of hypokinesia is a decrease in movement. This can manifest as difficulty initiating movement, slow movement, or a lack of spontaneous movement. Other symptoms can include rigidity, tremor, and postural instability.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of hypokinesia is typically based on a neurological examination. This may include tests of motor function, reflexes, and coordination. Imaging studies, such as MRI or CT scan, may also be used to identify damage to the basal ganglia or other areas of the brain.

Treatment

Treatment for hypokinesia typically involves managing the underlying cause. This may include medication, physical therapy, or surgery. In some cases, deep brain stimulation may be used to improve symptoms.

See also

• Akinesia
• Dyskinesia
• Hyperkinesia

References

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