Fusidic acid

An antibiotic used to treat bacterial infections

Fusidic acid
[[File:|frameless|220px|alt=|]]
INN
Drug class
Routes of administration
Pregnancy category
Bioavailability
Metabolism
Elimination half-life
Excretion
Legal status
CAS Number
PubChem
DrugBank
ChemSpider
KEGG

Overview

Chemical structure of fusidic acid

Fusidic acid is a steroid antibiotic that is primarily used to treat bacterial infections, particularly those caused by Staphylococcus aureus. It is a member of the fusidane class of antibiotics and is known for its ability to inhibit bacterial protein synthesis.

Mechanism of Action

Fusidic acid works by interfering with the function of elongation factor G (EF-G) in the bacterial ribosome. This inhibition prevents the translocation step in protein synthesis, effectively halting bacterial growth. Unlike many other antibiotics, fusidic acid does not directly kill bacteria but rather inhibits their ability to multiply, making it a bacteriostatic agent.

Clinical Uses

Fusidic acid is commonly used in the treatment of skin infections such as impetigo, cellulitis, and wound infections. It is also used in osteomyelitis and endocarditis caused by susceptible strains of bacteria. The antibiotic is available in various forms, including topical creams, ointments, and oral tablets.

Pharmacokinetics

Fusidic acid is well absorbed when administered orally and is widely distributed throughout the body. It is highly protein-bound and is metabolized in the liver. The drug is primarily excreted in the bile, with a small amount eliminated via the urine.

Side Effects

Common side effects of fusidic acid include gastrointestinal disturbances such as nausea and diarrhea. Topical application may cause local irritation or contact dermatitis. Rarely, systemic use can lead to liver dysfunction or jaundice.

Resistance

Resistance to fusidic acid can develop through mutations in the bacterial ribosomal protein or EF-G. However, it remains an effective treatment option for many methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) infections.

Related pages

• Antibiotic resistance
• Staphylococcus aureus
• Protein synthesis inhibitors