Necatoriasis

Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
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Necatoriasis
Synonyms	N/A
Pronounce	N/A
Specialty	N/A
Symptoms	Abdominal pain, diarrhea, anemia, fatigue
Complications	Malnutrition, growth retardation in children
Onset	1-2 weeks after exposure
Duration	Chronic if untreated
Types	N/A
Causes	Infection by Necator americanus
Risks	Walking barefoot in contaminated soil
Diagnosis	Stool examination for eggs
Differential diagnosis	Ascariasis, trichuriasis, strongyloidiasis
Prevention	Wearing shoes, improved sanitation
Treatment	Albendazole, mebendazole
Medication	N/A
Prognosis	N/A
Frequency	500-700 million people worldwide
Deaths	N/A

Hookworm life cycle

Cutaneous larvae migrans

Necatoriasis is a type of helminthiasis caused by the Necator americanus or the New World hookworm. It is a common infection in subtropical and tropical regions, affecting millions of people worldwide.

Causes

Necatoriasis is caused by the parasite Necator americanus, a type of hookworm. The larvae of this hookworm penetrate the skin, usually through the feet, and migrate through the body to the small intestine, where they attach to the intestinal wall and mature into adult worms.

Symptoms

The symptoms of necatoriasis can vary depending on the stage of infection. Initial infection can cause a localized itch and rash at the site of skin penetration. As the larvae migrate through the body, they can cause symptoms such as cough, fever, and gastrointestinal discomfort. Once the worms reach the intestines, they can cause symptoms such as abdominal pain, diarrhea, and anemia due to blood loss.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of necatoriasis is typically made by identifying hookworm eggs in a stool sample using a microscope. Other diagnostic methods can include blood tests to detect anemia or elevated levels of certain types of white blood cells, and imaging tests such as X-rays or CT scans to detect the presence of worms in the intestines.

Treatment

Treatment for necatoriasis typically involves medications to kill the adult worms, such as albendazole or mebendazole. In severe cases, iron supplements may be needed to treat anemia. Prevention of necatoriasis involves improved sanitation and wearing shoes in areas where hookworm is common.

See also

• Helminthiasis
• Parasitic diseases
• Tropical diseases

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