T cell deficiency: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = T cell deficiency | |||
| image = [[File:Healthy_Human_T_Cell.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Healthy human T cell | |||
| field = [[Immunology]] | |||
| symptoms = Increased susceptibility to infections | |||
| complications = [[Autoimmune disease]], [[malignancy]] | |||
| onset = Varies depending on type | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Genetic mutations, [[HIV/AIDS]], [[immunosuppressive therapy]] | |||
| risks = [[Opportunistic infections]], [[cancer]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Blood test]], [[flow cytometry]], [[genetic testing]] | |||
| differential = [[B cell deficiency]], [[combined immunodeficiency]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antibiotics]], [[antiviral drugs]], [[immunoglobulin therapy]], [[hematopoietic stem cell transplantation]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies depending on cause and treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Lymphoma_macro.jpg|Lymphoma Macro|thumb|left]] | |||
[[File:US_Navy_021204-N-0696M-171_Surgical_technician_Amina_Sherali_places_recently_transfused_bone_marrow_from_Aviation_Electronics_Technician_1st_Class_Michael_Griffioen_into_a_sterile_bag_in_preparation_for_transplant.jpg|Bone Marrow Transplant Preparation|thumb|left]] | |||
'''T cell deficiency''' is a type of [[immunodeficiency]] where the immune system's [[T cells]] are either absent or functioning improperly. This condition can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life. T cell deficiency can lead to a variety of health problems, including increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain types of cancer. | '''T cell deficiency''' is a type of [[immunodeficiency]] where the immune system's [[T cells]] are either absent or functioning improperly. This condition can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life. T cell deficiency can lead to a variety of health problems, including increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain types of cancer. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
T cell deficiency can be caused by a variety of factors. Some people are born with genetic mutations that affect the development or function of T cells, leading to [[congenital T cell deficiency]]. This includes conditions such as [[DiGeorge syndrome]] and [[Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)]]. | T cell deficiency can be caused by a variety of factors. Some people are born with genetic mutations that affect the development or function of T cells, leading to [[congenital T cell deficiency]]. This includes conditions such as [[DiGeorge syndrome]] and [[Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)]]. | ||
Acquired T cell deficiency can occur as a result of certain diseases or treatments. For example, [[HIV/AIDS]] is a well-known cause of acquired T cell deficiency, as the virus specifically targets and destroys T cells. Certain cancer treatments, such as [[chemotherapy]] and [[radiation therapy]], can also damage the immune system and lead to T cell deficiency. | Acquired T cell deficiency can occur as a result of certain diseases or treatments. For example, [[HIV/AIDS]] is a well-known cause of acquired T cell deficiency, as the virus specifically targets and destroys T cells. Certain cancer treatments, such as [[chemotherapy]] and [[radiation therapy]], can also damage the immune system and lead to T cell deficiency. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The symptoms of T cell deficiency can vary widely depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the deficiency. Common symptoms include frequent or severe infections, delayed growth and development in children, and autoimmune disorders. In severe cases, individuals with T cell deficiency may experience life-threatening infections or diseases. | The symptoms of T cell deficiency can vary widely depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the deficiency. Common symptoms include frequent or severe infections, delayed growth and development in children, and autoimmune disorders. In severe cases, individuals with T cell deficiency may experience life-threatening infections or diseases. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of T cell deficiency typically involves a series of tests to evaluate the immune system. This may include blood tests to measure the number and function of T cells, genetic testing to identify potential genetic causes, and imaging tests to check for physical abnormalities in the immune system. | Diagnosis of T cell deficiency typically involves a series of tests to evaluate the immune system. This may include blood tests to measure the number and function of T cells, genetic testing to identify potential genetic causes, and imaging tests to check for physical abnormalities in the immune system. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for T cell deficiency depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. For congenital T cell deficiencies, treatment may involve [[bone marrow transplant]] or [[gene therapy]]. For acquired T cell deficiencies, treatment may involve managing the underlying condition, such as antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS or adjusting cancer treatments. | Treatment for T cell deficiency depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. For congenital T cell deficiencies, treatment may involve [[bone marrow transplant]] or [[gene therapy]]. For acquired T cell deficiencies, treatment may involve managing the underlying condition, such as antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS or adjusting cancer treatments. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Immune system]] | * [[Immune system]] | ||
* [[Immunodeficiency]] | * [[Immunodeficiency]] | ||
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* [[DiGeorge syndrome]] | * [[DiGeorge syndrome]] | ||
* [[Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)]] | * [[Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)]] | ||
[[Category:Immunology]] | [[Category:Immunology]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Immunodeficiency]] | [[Category:Immunodeficiency]] | ||
{{medicine-stub}} | {{medicine-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 00:04, 10 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| T cell deficiency | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Increased susceptibility to infections |
| Complications | Autoimmune disease, malignancy |
| Onset | Varies depending on type |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic mutations, HIV/AIDS, immunosuppressive therapy |
| Risks | Opportunistic infections, cancer |
| Diagnosis | Blood test, flow cytometry, genetic testing |
| Differential diagnosis | B cell deficiency, combined immunodeficiency |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Antibiotics, antiviral drugs, immunoglobulin therapy, hematopoietic stem cell transplantation |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies depending on cause and treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
T cell deficiency is a type of immunodeficiency where the immune system's T cells are either absent or functioning improperly. This condition can be either congenital (present at birth) or acquired later in life. T cell deficiency can lead to a variety of health problems, including increased susceptibility to infections, autoimmune diseases, and certain types of cancer.
Causes[edit]
T cell deficiency can be caused by a variety of factors. Some people are born with genetic mutations that affect the development or function of T cells, leading to congenital T cell deficiency. This includes conditions such as DiGeorge syndrome and Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID). Acquired T cell deficiency can occur as a result of certain diseases or treatments. For example, HIV/AIDS is a well-known cause of acquired T cell deficiency, as the virus specifically targets and destroys T cells. Certain cancer treatments, such as chemotherapy and radiation therapy, can also damage the immune system and lead to T cell deficiency.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of T cell deficiency can vary widely depending on the underlying cause and the severity of the deficiency. Common symptoms include frequent or severe infections, delayed growth and development in children, and autoimmune disorders. In severe cases, individuals with T cell deficiency may experience life-threatening infections or diseases.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of T cell deficiency typically involves a series of tests to evaluate the immune system. This may include blood tests to measure the number and function of T cells, genetic testing to identify potential genetic causes, and imaging tests to check for physical abnormalities in the immune system.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for T cell deficiency depends on the underlying cause and the severity of the condition. For congenital T cell deficiencies, treatment may involve bone marrow transplant or gene therapy. For acquired T cell deficiencies, treatment may involve managing the underlying condition, such as antiretroviral therapy for HIV/AIDS or adjusting cancer treatments.
See also[edit]
- Immune system
- Immunodeficiency
- T cells
- HIV/AIDS
- DiGeorge syndrome
- Severe Combined Immunodeficiency (SCID)
