Vasa praevia: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Vasa praevia | |||
| image = [[File:Vasa_Previa_-_English_Translation.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = Diagram showing vasa praevia | |||
| field = [[Obstetrics]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Painless vaginal bleeding]] during [[pregnancy]], [[fetal distress]] | |||
| complications = [[Fetal death]], [[fetal hypoxia]] | |||
| onset = [[Pregnancy]] | |||
| duration = Until delivery | |||
| causes = [[Velamentous cord insertion]], [[succenturiate lobe]] of the [[placenta]] | |||
| risks = [[Multiple pregnancy]], [[in vitro fertilization]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Ultrasound]] | |||
| differential = [[Placenta praevia]], [[placental abruption]] | |||
| prevention = [[Prenatal care]], [[ultrasound screening]] | |||
| treatment = [[Cesarean section]] | |||
| frequency = 1 in 2500 pregnancies | |||
}} | |||
'''Vasa praevia''' is a rare but serious obstetric complication where fetal blood vessels cross or run near the internal opening of the uterus. These vessels are at risk of rupture when the supporting membranes rupture, which can lead to fetal hemorrhage and death if not promptly managed. | |||
==Pathophysiology== | ==Pathophysiology== | ||
In vasa praevia, the fetal blood vessels are not protected by the umbilical cord or the placenta. Instead, they traverse the fetal membranes, which are prone to rupture. This condition is often associated with [[velamentous cord insertion]], where the umbilical cord inserts into the fetal membranes rather than the placental mass, and [[succenturiate lobe]] of the placenta, where an accessory lobe is present. | In vasa praevia, the fetal blood vessels are not protected by the umbilical cord or the placenta. Instead, they traverse the fetal membranes, which are prone to rupture. This condition is often associated with [[velamentous cord insertion]], where the umbilical cord inserts into the fetal membranes rather than the placental mass, and [[succenturiate lobe]] of the placenta, where an accessory lobe is present. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Vasa praevia is typically diagnosed through [[ultrasound]] imaging, often during the second trimester. [[Color Doppler ultrasound]] is particularly useful in identifying the unprotected vessels. Early diagnosis is crucial for planning the mode and timing of delivery to prevent complications. | Vasa praevia is typically diagnosed through [[ultrasound]] imaging, often during the second trimester. [[Color Doppler ultrasound]] is particularly useful in identifying the unprotected vessels. Early diagnosis is crucial for planning the mode and timing of delivery to prevent complications. | ||
==Management== | ==Management== | ||
Once diagnosed, the management of vasa praevia involves careful monitoring and planning for delivery. Elective [[cesarean section]] is usually recommended before the onset of labor, typically around 35-37 weeks of gestation, to prevent vessel rupture. Hospitalization from around 30-32 weeks may be advised to ensure immediate medical intervention if preterm labor occurs. | Once diagnosed, the management of vasa praevia involves careful monitoring and planning for delivery. Elective [[cesarean section]] is usually recommended before the onset of labor, typically around 35-37 weeks of gestation, to prevent vessel rupture. Hospitalization from around 30-32 weeks may be advised to ensure immediate medical intervention if preterm labor occurs. | ||
==Prognosis== | ==Prognosis== | ||
With early diagnosis and appropriate management, the prognosis for vasa praevia can be significantly improved. The risk of fetal mortality is high if the condition is not identified before labor, but with planned cesarean delivery, the outcomes are generally favorable. | With early diagnosis and appropriate management, the prognosis for vasa praevia can be significantly improved. The risk of fetal mortality is high if the condition is not identified before labor, but with planned cesarean delivery, the outcomes are generally favorable. | ||
==Related Conditions== | ==Related Conditions== | ||
* [[Placenta previa]] | * [[Placenta previa]] | ||
| Line 18: | Line 31: | ||
* [[Succenturiate lobe]] | * [[Succenturiate lobe]] | ||
* [[Abruption placentae]] | * [[Abruption placentae]] | ||
==See Also== | ==See Also== | ||
* [[Obstetrics]] | * [[Obstetrics]] | ||
* [[Prenatal diagnosis]] | * [[Prenatal diagnosis]] | ||
* [[High-risk pregnancy]] | * [[High-risk pregnancy]] | ||
==References== | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | {{Reflist}} | ||
==External Links== | ==External Links== | ||
{{Commons category|Vasa praevia}} | {{Commons category|Vasa praevia}} | ||
[[Category:Obstetrics]] | [[Category:Obstetrics]] | ||
[[Category:Pregnancy complications]] | [[Category:Pregnancy complications]] | ||
[[Category:Medical emergencies]] | [[Category:Medical emergencies]] | ||
{{Obstetrics-stub}} | {{Obstetrics-stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:31, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Vasa praevia | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Painless vaginal bleeding during pregnancy, fetal distress |
| Complications | Fetal death, fetal hypoxia |
| Onset | Pregnancy |
| Duration | Until delivery |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Velamentous cord insertion, succenturiate lobe of the placenta |
| Risks | Multiple pregnancy, in vitro fertilization |
| Diagnosis | Ultrasound |
| Differential diagnosis | Placenta praevia, placental abruption |
| Prevention | Prenatal care, ultrasound screening |
| Treatment | Cesarean section |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | 1 in 2500 pregnancies |
| Deaths | N/A |
Vasa praevia is a rare but serious obstetric complication where fetal blood vessels cross or run near the internal opening of the uterus. These vessels are at risk of rupture when the supporting membranes rupture, which can lead to fetal hemorrhage and death if not promptly managed.
Pathophysiology[edit]
In vasa praevia, the fetal blood vessels are not protected by the umbilical cord or the placenta. Instead, they traverse the fetal membranes, which are prone to rupture. This condition is often associated with velamentous cord insertion, where the umbilical cord inserts into the fetal membranes rather than the placental mass, and succenturiate lobe of the placenta, where an accessory lobe is present.
Diagnosis[edit]
Vasa praevia is typically diagnosed through ultrasound imaging, often during the second trimester. Color Doppler ultrasound is particularly useful in identifying the unprotected vessels. Early diagnosis is crucial for planning the mode and timing of delivery to prevent complications.
Management[edit]
Once diagnosed, the management of vasa praevia involves careful monitoring and planning for delivery. Elective cesarean section is usually recommended before the onset of labor, typically around 35-37 weeks of gestation, to prevent vessel rupture. Hospitalization from around 30-32 weeks may be advised to ensure immediate medical intervention if preterm labor occurs.
Prognosis[edit]
With early diagnosis and appropriate management, the prognosis for vasa praevia can be significantly improved. The risk of fetal mortality is high if the condition is not identified before labor, but with planned cesarean delivery, the outcomes are generally favorable.
Related Conditions[edit]
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references group="" responsive="1"></references>
External Links[edit]
This obstetrics related article is a stub.
