Vaginal yeast infection: Difference between revisions
From WikiMD's Wellness Encyclopedia
No edit summary |
CSV import |
||
| Line 1: | Line 1: | ||
{{SI}} | |||
[[File:Yeast Infection.png|thumb|Yeast Infection]] | {{Infobox medical condition | ||
| name = Vaginal yeast infection | |||
| image = [[File:Vaginal_candidiasis,_Gram_stain.jpg|left|thumb|Gram stain of ''Candida'' species]] | |||
| caption = Gram stain of ''Candida'' species | |||
| field = [[Gynecology]] | |||
| synonyms = [[Candidal vulvovaginitis]], [[vulvovaginal candidiasis]] (VVC) | |||
| symptoms = [[Vaginal itching]], [[burning sensation]], [[discharge]] | |||
| complications = [[Recurrent infection]] | |||
| onset = Sudden | |||
| duration = Few days to weeks | |||
| causes = Overgrowth of ''[[Candida]]'' species | |||
| risks = [[Antibiotic use]], [[pregnancy]], [[diabetes]], [[immunosuppression]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical evaluation]], [[microscopy]], [[culture]] | |||
| differential = [[Bacterial vaginosis]], [[trichomoniasis]] | |||
| prevention = Avoiding [[douching]], wearing [[cotton underwear]] | |||
| treatment = [[Antifungal medication]] (e.g., [[fluconazole]], [[clotrimazole]]) | |||
| frequency = Affects 75% of women at some point | |||
}} | |||
A '''vaginal yeast infection''', also known as '''vaginal candidiasis''', is an infection caused by the overgrowth of yeast, specifically the [[Candida]] species, in the vagina. The condition is common, affecting 75% of women at some point in their lives. | |||
[[File:Yeast Infection.png|left|thumb|Yeast Infection]] | |||
== Overview and Causes == | == Overview and Causes == | ||
*Most vaginal yeast infections are caused by the fungus ''Candida albicans''. These yeast organisms are a natural part of the microbes that live in your body, but can multiply beyond normal levels due to factors such as: | *Most vaginal yeast infections are caused by the fungus ''Candida albicans''. These yeast organisms are a natural part of the microbes that live in your body, but can multiply beyond normal levels due to factors such as: | ||
| Line 7: | Line 26: | ||
*Diabetes: Elevated blood sugar levels can foster yeast growth. | *Diabetes: Elevated blood sugar levels can foster yeast growth. | ||
*Weakened immune system: Conditions like HIV can make it harder for the body to keep yeast in check. | *Weakened immune system: Conditions like HIV can make it harder for the body to keep yeast in check. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
*Common symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection include: | *Common symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection include: | ||
| Line 16: | Line 34: | ||
*Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance | *Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance | ||
*Redness and swelling of the vulva | *Redness and swelling of the vulva | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
The diagnosis is often made based on the clinical presentation. However, due to similar symptoms with bacterial vaginosis and some sexually transmitted infections, laboratory confirmation is often sought. This can be done by checking a sample of vaginal discharge under a microscope or by culture. | The diagnosis is often made based on the clinical presentation. However, due to similar symptoms with bacterial vaginosis and some sexually transmitted infections, laboratory confirmation is often sought. This can be done by checking a sample of vaginal discharge under a microscope or by culture. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for vaginal yeast infections typically involves antifungal medications, which can be administered orally or inserted into the vagina in a cream or gel form. Over-the-counter options are often available, but some women might require prescription medication. Recurrent yeast infections may require a longer course of treatment. | Treatment for vaginal yeast infections typically involves antifungal medications, which can be administered orally or inserted into the vagina in a cream or gel form. Over-the-counter options are often available, but some women might require prescription medication. Recurrent yeast infections may require a longer course of treatment. | ||
== Prevention == | == Prevention == | ||
Preventative measures include avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use, wearing cotton underwear, avoiding tight-fitting pants, and changing out of wet clothes immediately after swimming or exercising. Regular consumption of probiotics, such as yogurt, may also help maintain a healthy vaginal environment. | Preventative measures include avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use, wearing cotton underwear, avoiding tight-fitting pants, and changing out of wet clothes immediately after swimming or exercising. Regular consumption of probiotics, such as yogurt, may also help maintain a healthy vaginal environment. | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references> | <references> | ||
* Sobel, J. D. (2007). Vulvovaginal candidosis. ''The Lancet'', 369(9577), 1961-1971. | * Sobel, J. D. (2007). Vulvovaginal candidosis. ''The Lancet'', 369(9577), 1961-1971. | ||
* | * M√∏lgaard-Nielsen, D., Svanström, H., Melbye, M., Hviid, A., & Pasternak, B. (2013). Association between use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy and risk of spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. ''JAMA'', 313(10), 2057-2064. | ||
</references> | </references> | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:23, 8 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Vaginal yeast infection | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Synonyms | Candidal vulvovaginitis, vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Vaginal itching, burning sensation, discharge |
| Complications | Recurrent infection |
| Onset | Sudden |
| Duration | Few days to weeks |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Overgrowth of Candida species |
| Risks | Antibiotic use, pregnancy, diabetes, immunosuppression |
| Diagnosis | Clinical evaluation, microscopy, culture |
| Differential diagnosis | Bacterial vaginosis, trichomoniasis |
| Prevention | Avoiding douching, wearing cotton underwear |
| Treatment | Antifungal medication (e.g., fluconazole, clotrimazole) |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | N/A |
| Frequency | Affects 75% of women at some point |
| Deaths | N/A |
A vaginal yeast infection, also known as vaginal candidiasis, is an infection caused by the overgrowth of yeast, specifically the Candida species, in the vagina. The condition is common, affecting 75% of women at some point in their lives.
Overview and Causes[edit]
- Most vaginal yeast infections are caused by the fungus Candida albicans. These yeast organisms are a natural part of the microbes that live in your body, but can multiply beyond normal levels due to factors such as:
- Antibiotic use: This can reduce the levels of lactobacilli, beneficial bacteria in the vagina, which keep yeast growth in check.
- Pregnancy: Hormonal changes can disrupt the vaginal environment.
- Diabetes: Elevated blood sugar levels can foster yeast growth.
- Weakened immune system: Conditions like HIV can make it harder for the body to keep yeast in check.
Symptoms[edit]
- Common symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection include:
- Itching and irritation in the vagina and vulva
- A burning sensation, particularly during intercourse or while urinating
- Vaginal pain and soreness
- Vaginal rash
- Thick, white, odor-free vaginal discharge with a cottage cheese appearance
- Redness and swelling of the vulva
Diagnosis[edit]
The diagnosis is often made based on the clinical presentation. However, due to similar symptoms with bacterial vaginosis and some sexually transmitted infections, laboratory confirmation is often sought. This can be done by checking a sample of vaginal discharge under a microscope or by culture.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for vaginal yeast infections typically involves antifungal medications, which can be administered orally or inserted into the vagina in a cream or gel form. Over-the-counter options are often available, but some women might require prescription medication. Recurrent yeast infections may require a longer course of treatment.
Prevention[edit]
Preventative measures include avoiding unnecessary antibiotic use, wearing cotton underwear, avoiding tight-fitting pants, and changing out of wet clothes immediately after swimming or exercising. Regular consumption of probiotics, such as yogurt, may also help maintain a healthy vaginal environment.
References[edit]
<references>
- Sobel, J. D. (2007). Vulvovaginal candidosis. The Lancet, 369(9577), 1961-1971.
- M√∏lgaard-Nielsen, D., Svanström, H., Melbye, M., Hviid, A., & Pasternak, B. (2013). Association between use of oral fluconazole during pregnancy and risk of spontaneous abortion and stillbirth. JAMA, 313(10), 2057-2064.
</references>
