Dolichocephaly: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Dolichocephaly | |||
| image = [[File:Dolichocéphalie_a_10_ans.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = A child with dolichocephaly | |||
| field = [[Medical genetics]] | |||
| synonyms = [[Scaphocephaly]] | |||
| symptoms = Elongated head shape | |||
| complications = [[Developmental delay]], [[cranial asymmetry]] | |||
| onset = [[Congenital]] | |||
| duration = Lifelong | |||
| causes = [[Genetic]] factors, [[premature birth]] | |||
| risks = [[Premature birth]], [[multiple births]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Physical examination]], [[imaging studies]] | |||
| differential = [[Brachycephaly]], [[plagiocephaly]] | |||
| prevention = None | |||
| treatment = [[Helmet therapy]], [[surgery]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with treatment | |||
| frequency = Common in premature infants | |||
}} | |||
[[File:Dolichocephalic_Lurcher_head.jpg|Dolichocephalic Lurcher head|thumb|left]] | |||
'''Dolichocephaly''' is a condition where the head is longer than would be expected, relative to its width. In humans, this cranial shape is seen in individuals with certain genetic disorders, such as [[Sotos syndrome]] and [[Marfan syndrome]], or as a result of premature fusion of the skull bones. | '''Dolichocephaly''' is a condition where the head is longer than would be expected, relative to its width. In humans, this cranial shape is seen in individuals with certain genetic disorders, such as [[Sotos syndrome]] and [[Marfan syndrome]], or as a result of premature fusion of the skull bones. | ||
==Causes== | ==Causes== | ||
Dolichocephaly can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic disorders and environmental influences. Some of the most common causes include: | Dolichocephaly can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic disorders and environmental influences. Some of the most common causes include: | ||
* '''[[Sotos syndrome]]''': This is a genetic disorder characterized by excessive physical growth during the first few years of life. Dolichocephaly is one of the common physical characteristics of this syndrome. | * '''[[Sotos syndrome]]''': This is a genetic disorder characterized by excessive physical growth during the first few years of life. Dolichocephaly is one of the common physical characteristics of this syndrome. | ||
* '''[[Marfan syndrome]]''': This is a genetic disorder that affects the body's connective tissue. People with Marfan syndrome often have a long, narrow face and skull, which can result in dolichocephaly. | * '''[[Marfan syndrome]]''': This is a genetic disorder that affects the body's connective tissue. People with Marfan syndrome often have a long, narrow face and skull, which can result in dolichocephaly. | ||
* '''Premature fusion of the skull bones''': The skull is made up of several bones that are separated by sutures. If these sutures close too early, it can result in a long, narrow head shape. | * '''Premature fusion of the skull bones''': The skull is made up of several bones that are separated by sutures. If these sutures close too early, it can result in a long, narrow head shape. | ||
==Symptoms== | ==Symptoms== | ||
The primary symptom of dolichocephaly is a head that is longer than it is wide. Other symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause of the condition. For example, individuals with Sotos syndrome may also have overgrowth in childhood, learning disabilities, and distinctive facial features. Those with Marfan syndrome may also have features such as a tall and slender build, heart defects, and eye problems. | The primary symptom of dolichocephaly is a head that is longer than it is wide. Other symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause of the condition. For example, individuals with Sotos syndrome may also have overgrowth in childhood, learning disabilities, and distinctive facial features. Those with Marfan syndrome may also have features such as a tall and slender build, heart defects, and eye problems. | ||
==Diagnosis== | ==Diagnosis== | ||
Diagnosis of dolichocephaly typically involves a physical examination and medical history. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans, may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the condition. Genetic testing may also be performed if a genetic disorder is suspected. | Diagnosis of dolichocephaly typically involves a physical examination and medical history. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans, may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the condition. Genetic testing may also be performed if a genetic disorder is suspected. | ||
==Treatment== | ==Treatment== | ||
Treatment for dolichocephaly depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. If the condition is caused by premature fusion of the skull bones, surgery may be required to correct the shape of the head. For individuals with genetic disorders, treatment may also involve managing other symptoms of the disorder. | Treatment for dolichocephaly depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. If the condition is caused by premature fusion of the skull bones, surgery may be required to correct the shape of the head. For individuals with genetic disorders, treatment may also involve managing other symptoms of the disorder. | ||
==See also== | ==See also== | ||
* [[Craniosynostosis]] | * [[Craniosynostosis]] | ||
* [[Scaphocephaly]] | * [[Scaphocephaly]] | ||
* [[Plagiocephaly]] | * [[Plagiocephaly]] | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Genetic disorders]] | [[Category:Genetic disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Syndromes]] | [[Category:Syndromes]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 19:17, 5 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Dolichocephaly | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Scaphocephaly |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Elongated head shape |
| Complications | Developmental delay, cranial asymmetry |
| Onset | Congenital |
| Duration | Lifelong |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Genetic factors, premature birth |
| Risks | Premature birth, multiple births |
| Diagnosis | Physical examination, imaging studies |
| Differential diagnosis | Brachycephaly, plagiocephaly |
| Prevention | None |
| Treatment | Helmet therapy, surgery |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with treatment |
| Frequency | Common in premature infants |
| Deaths | N/A |
Dolichocephaly is a condition where the head is longer than would be expected, relative to its width. In humans, this cranial shape is seen in individuals with certain genetic disorders, such as Sotos syndrome and Marfan syndrome, or as a result of premature fusion of the skull bones.
Causes[edit]
Dolichocephaly can be caused by a variety of factors, including genetic disorders and environmental influences. Some of the most common causes include:
- Sotos syndrome: This is a genetic disorder characterized by excessive physical growth during the first few years of life. Dolichocephaly is one of the common physical characteristics of this syndrome.
- Marfan syndrome: This is a genetic disorder that affects the body's connective tissue. People with Marfan syndrome often have a long, narrow face and skull, which can result in dolichocephaly.
- Premature fusion of the skull bones: The skull is made up of several bones that are separated by sutures. If these sutures close too early, it can result in a long, narrow head shape.
Symptoms[edit]
The primary symptom of dolichocephaly is a head that is longer than it is wide. Other symptoms can vary depending on the underlying cause of the condition. For example, individuals with Sotos syndrome may also have overgrowth in childhood, learning disabilities, and distinctive facial features. Those with Marfan syndrome may also have features such as a tall and slender build, heart defects, and eye problems.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of dolichocephaly typically involves a physical examination and medical history. Imaging tests, such as X-rays or CT scans, may be used to confirm the diagnosis and assess the severity of the condition. Genetic testing may also be performed if a genetic disorder is suspected.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for dolichocephaly depends on the underlying cause of the condition. In some cases, no treatment may be necessary. If the condition is caused by premature fusion of the skull bones, surgery may be required to correct the shape of the head. For individuals with genetic disorders, treatment may also involve managing other symptoms of the disorder.
