Encephalomyelitis: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Encephalomyelitis | |||
| synonyms = [[Myelitis]], [[Encephalitis]] | |||
| field = [[Neurology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Fever]], [[headache]], [[fatigue]], [[muscle weakness]], [[numbness]], [[paralysis]] | |||
| complications = [[Chronic fatigue syndrome]], [[neurological deficits]] | |||
| onset = Sudden or gradual | |||
| duration = Varies, can be acute or chronic | |||
| causes = [[Viral infection]], [[autoimmune disease]], [[bacterial infection]] | |||
| risks = [[Immunocompromised state]], [[recent infection]], [[vaccination]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Magnetic resonance imaging|MRI]], [[lumbar puncture]], [[blood tests]] | |||
| differential = [[Multiple sclerosis]], [[Guillain–Barré syndrome]], [[meningitis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Corticosteroids]], [[antiviral drugs]], [[plasmapheresis]], [[immunoglobulin therapy]] | |||
| prognosis = Varies, can be full recovery or permanent disability | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Encephalomyelitis''' is a general term for inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, describing a number of disorders: | '''Encephalomyelitis''' is a general term for inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, describing a number of disorders: | ||
* [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by vaccination or viral infection. | * [[Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis]] or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by vaccination or viral infection. | ||
* [[Encephalomyelitis disseminata]], another name for multiple sclerosis. | * [[Encephalomyelitis disseminata]], another name for multiple sclerosis. | ||
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* [[Eastern equine encephalomyelitis]], found in horses, and can infect humans. | * [[Eastern equine encephalomyelitis]], found in horses, and can infect humans. | ||
* [[Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis]], found in horses, and can infect humans. | * [[Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis]], found in horses, and can infect humans. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of encephalomyelitis can vary greatly depending on the type and severity of the inflammation. However, common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, fever, headache, and nausea. In severe cases, symptoms may include seizures, paralysis, and problems with cognition or speech. | The symptoms of encephalomyelitis can vary greatly depending on the type and severity of the inflammation. However, common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, fever, headache, and nausea. In severe cases, symptoms may include seizures, paralysis, and problems with cognition or speech. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
Encephalomyelitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, vaccination, and autoimmune diseases. The exact cause often depends on the specific type of encephalomyelitis. | Encephalomyelitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, vaccination, and autoimmune diseases. The exact cause often depends on the specific type of encephalomyelitis. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of encephalomyelitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as MRI scans, lumbar punctures, and blood tests. | Diagnosis of encephalomyelitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as MRI scans, lumbar punctures, and blood tests. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for encephalomyelitis depends on the underlying cause and may include antiviral medications, immune therapies, and supportive care to manage symptoms. | Treatment for encephalomyelitis depends on the underlying cause and may include antiviral medications, immune therapies, and supportive care to manage symptoms. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Neurology]] | * [[Neurology]] | ||
* [[Neuroinflammation]] | * [[Neuroinflammation]] | ||
* [[Neuroimmunology]] | * [[Neuroimmunology]] | ||
[[Category:Neurological disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Inflammations]] | [[Category:Inflammations]] | ||
[[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | [[Category:Autoimmune diseases]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
{{No image}} | {{No image}} | ||
Latest revision as of 03:53, 4 April 2025
| Encephalomyelitis | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Myelitis, Encephalitis |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Fever, headache, fatigue, muscle weakness, numbness, paralysis |
| Complications | Chronic fatigue syndrome, neurological deficits |
| Onset | Sudden or gradual |
| Duration | Varies, can be acute or chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Viral infection, autoimmune disease, bacterial infection |
| Risks | Immunocompromised state, recent infection, vaccination |
| Diagnosis | MRI, lumbar puncture, blood tests |
| Differential diagnosis | Multiple sclerosis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, meningitis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Corticosteroids, antiviral drugs, plasmapheresis, immunoglobulin therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Varies, can be full recovery or permanent disability |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Encephalomyelitis is a general term for inflammation of the brain and spinal cord, describing a number of disorders:
- Acute disseminated encephalomyelitis or postinfectious encephalomyelitis, a demyelinating disease of the brain and spinal cord, possibly triggered by vaccination or viral infection.
- Encephalomyelitis disseminata, another name for multiple sclerosis.
- Equine encephalomyelitis, found in horses.
- Myalgic encephalomyelitis, a synonym for chronic fatigue syndrome.
- Western equine encephalomyelitis, found in horses, and can infect humans.
- Eastern equine encephalomyelitis, found in horses, and can infect humans.
- Venezuelan equine encephalomyelitis, found in horses, and can infect humans.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of encephalomyelitis can vary greatly depending on the type and severity of the inflammation. However, common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, fever, headache, and nausea. In severe cases, symptoms may include seizures, paralysis, and problems with cognition or speech.
Causes[edit]
Encephalomyelitis can be caused by a variety of factors, including viral infections, vaccination, and autoimmune diseases. The exact cause often depends on the specific type of encephalomyelitis.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of encephalomyelitis typically involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, and diagnostic tests such as MRI scans, lumbar punctures, and blood tests.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for encephalomyelitis depends on the underlying cause and may include antiviral medications, immune therapies, and supportive care to manage symptoms.
