Grisel's syndrome: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Grisel's syndrome | |||
| synonyms = [[Atlantoaxial subluxation]] | |||
| field = [[Orthopedics]], [[Otolaryngology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Neck pain]], [[torticollis]], [[restricted neck movement]] | |||
| complications = [[Neurological deficits]], [[spinal cord injury]] | |||
| onset = Often after [[upper respiratory tract infection]] or [[surgical procedures]] involving the [[head]] and [[neck]] | |||
| duration = Varies, can be acute or chronic | |||
| causes = [[Inflammation]] leading to [[ligamentous laxity]] | |||
| risks = [[Infection]], [[surgery]] in the [[head]] and [[neck]] region | |||
| diagnosis = [[Clinical examination]], [[radiographic imaging]] | |||
| differential = [[Cervical spine injury]], [[muscle spasm]], [[rheumatoid arthritis]] | |||
| treatment = [[Conservative management]], [[physical therapy]], [[surgical intervention]] | |||
| prognosis = Generally good with appropriate treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Grisel's syndrome''' is a rare medical condition that primarily affects children. It is characterized by the non-traumatic subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint, which is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae. This condition is often associated with upper respiratory tract infections and otolaryngological procedures. | '''Grisel's syndrome''' is a rare medical condition that primarily affects children. It is characterized by the non-traumatic subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint, which is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae. This condition is often associated with upper respiratory tract infections and otolaryngological procedures. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The main symptom of Grisel's syndrome is [[neck pain]] and torticollis, which is an abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position. Other symptoms may include [[fever]], [[headache]], and difficulty swallowing. | The main symptom of Grisel's syndrome is [[neck pain]] and torticollis, which is an abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position. Other symptoms may include [[fever]], [[headache]], and difficulty swallowing. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The exact cause of Grisel's syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to an inflammatory process that affects the ligaments around the atlanto-axial joint. This inflammation can lead to a weakening of the ligaments, allowing the joint to subluxate. | The exact cause of Grisel's syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to an inflammatory process that affects the ligaments around the atlanto-axial joint. This inflammation can lead to a weakening of the ligaments, allowing the joint to subluxate. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of Grisel's syndrome is based on clinical symptoms and imaging studies. [[Radiography]], [[computed tomography]] (CT), and [[magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI) can be used to confirm the diagnosis. | Diagnosis of Grisel's syndrome is based on clinical symptoms and imaging studies. [[Radiography]], [[computed tomography]] (CT), and [[magnetic resonance imaging]] (MRI) can be used to confirm the diagnosis. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment of Grisel's syndrome involves immobilization of the neck, usually with a [[cervical collar]]. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. | Treatment of Grisel's syndrome involves immobilization of the neck, usually with a [[cervical collar]]. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the prognosis for Grisel's syndrome is generally good. However, if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, including permanent neck deformity and neurological damage. | With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the prognosis for Grisel's syndrome is generally good. However, if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, including permanent neck deformity and neurological damage. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Atlanto-axial joint]] | * [[Atlanto-axial joint]] | ||
* [[Subluxation]] | * [[Subluxation]] | ||
* [[Torticollis]] | * [[Torticollis]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Medical conditions]] | [[Category:Medical conditions]] | ||
[[Category:Syndromes]] | [[Category:Syndromes]] | ||
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Latest revision as of 02:21, 4 April 2025
| Grisel's syndrome | |
|---|---|
| Synonyms | Atlantoaxial subluxation |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Neck pain, torticollis, restricted neck movement |
| Complications | Neurological deficits, spinal cord injury |
| Onset | Often after upper respiratory tract infection or surgical procedures involving the head and neck |
| Duration | Varies, can be acute or chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Inflammation leading to ligamentous laxity |
| Risks | Infection, surgery in the head and neck region |
| Diagnosis | Clinical examination, radiographic imaging |
| Differential diagnosis | Cervical spine injury, muscle spasm, rheumatoid arthritis |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Conservative management, physical therapy, surgical intervention |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Generally good with appropriate treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Grisel's syndrome is a rare medical condition that primarily affects children. It is characterized by the non-traumatic subluxation of the atlanto-axial joint, which is the joint between the first and second cervical vertebrae. This condition is often associated with upper respiratory tract infections and otolaryngological procedures.
Symptoms[edit]
The main symptom of Grisel's syndrome is neck pain and torticollis, which is an abnormal, asymmetrical head or neck position. Other symptoms may include fever, headache, and difficulty swallowing.
Causes[edit]
The exact cause of Grisel's syndrome is unknown. However, it is believed to be related to an inflammatory process that affects the ligaments around the atlanto-axial joint. This inflammation can lead to a weakening of the ligaments, allowing the joint to subluxate.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Grisel's syndrome is based on clinical symptoms and imaging studies. Radiography, computed tomography (CT), and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can be used to confirm the diagnosis.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment of Grisel's syndrome involves immobilization of the neck, usually with a cervical collar. In severe cases, surgical intervention may be necessary.
Prognosis[edit]
With early diagnosis and appropriate treatment, the prognosis for Grisel's syndrome is generally good. However, if left untreated, it can lead to serious complications, including permanent neck deformity and neurological damage.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
