Liothyronine: Difference between revisions
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{{Short description| | {{Short description|Synthetic form of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine}} | ||
{{Drugbox | {{Drugbox | ||
| | | verifiedfields = changed | ||
| verifiedrevid = | | verifiedrevid = 477002313 | ||
| IUPAC_name = (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoic acid | | IUPAC_name = (2S)-2-amino-3-[4-(4-hydroxy-3-iodophenoxy)-3,5-diiodophenyl]propanoic acid | ||
| image = | | image = Triiodothyronine_200.svg | ||
| | | image2 = Liotironina_sódica3D.png | ||
}} | }} | ||
'''Liothyronine''' is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3) | '''Liothyronine''' is a synthetic form of the [[thyroid hormone]] [[triiodothyronine]] (T3). It is used in the treatment of [[hypothyroidism]] and [[myxedema coma]]. Liothyronine is known for its rapid onset of action and is often used when a quick response is desired. | ||
==Medical | ==Medical uses== | ||
Liothyronine is primarily used to treat [[hypothyroidism]], a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. It is also used in the treatment of [[myxedema coma]], a severe form of hypothyroidism that | Liothyronine is primarily used to treat [[hypothyroidism]], a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. It is also used in the treatment of [[myxedema coma]], a severe form of hypothyroidism that can be life-threatening. Additionally, liothyronine is sometimes used in [[thyroid function test]]s to suppress [[thyroid-stimulating hormone]] (TSH) production. | ||
=== | ===Hypothyroidism=== | ||
In patients with hypothyroidism, liothyronine helps to restore normal levels of T3, thereby alleviating symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and depression. It is often used in combination with [[levothyroxine]], another thyroid hormone, to provide a more balanced thyroid hormone replacement therapy. | |||
== | ===Myxedema coma=== | ||
Liothyronine is | Myxedema coma is a medical emergency characterized by severe hypothyroidism, hypothermia, and altered mental status. Liothyronine is administered intravenously in this condition to rapidly increase T3 levels and improve the patient's metabolic state. | ||
==Side | ==Pharmacology== | ||
Common side effects of liothyronine include symptoms of hyperthyroidism such as increased heart rate, anxiety, weight loss | Liothyronine is a synthetic form of T3, which is one of the two main hormones produced by the thyroid gland, the other being [[thyroxine]] (T4). T3 is the more active form of thyroid hormone and is responsible for regulating metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature. | ||
===Mechanism of action=== | |||
Liothyronine works by mimicking the effects of natural T3. It binds to thyroid hormone receptors in the body, influencing the expression of genes involved in metabolism and energy production. This leads to an increase in basal metabolic rate and affects protein synthesis and the sensitivity of the body to catecholamines. | |||
===Pharmacokinetics=== | |||
Liothyronine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak serum levels occurring within 2 to 4 hours after oral administration. It has a half-life of approximately 2.5 days, which is shorter than that of levothyroxine. This shorter half-life allows for more precise control of hormone levels in the body. | |||
==Side effects== | |||
Common side effects of liothyronine include symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as increased heart rate, anxiety, and weight loss. Overdose can lead to serious complications like [[atrial fibrillation]] and [[osteoporosis]]. | |||
==Contraindications== | ==Contraindications== | ||
Liothyronine is contraindicated in patients with uncorrected adrenal insufficiency and | Liothyronine is contraindicated in patients with uncorrected adrenal insufficiency and untreated thyrotoxicosis. Caution is advised in patients with cardiovascular disease due to the risk of exacerbating heart conditions. | ||
== | ==Related pages== | ||
* [[Thyroid hormone]] | |||
* [[Hypothyroidism]] | * [[Hypothyroidism]] | ||
* [[Levothyroxine]] | * [[Levothyroxine]] | ||
* [[Thyroid | * [[Thyroid function test]] | ||
[[Category:Thyroid | [[Category:Thyroid hormones]] | ||
[[Category:Endocrinology]] | [[Category:Endocrinology]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Hormones]] | ||
Latest revision as of 11:01, 23 March 2025
Synthetic form of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine
Liothyronine is a synthetic form of the thyroid hormone triiodothyronine (T3). It is used in the treatment of hypothyroidism and myxedema coma. Liothyronine is known for its rapid onset of action and is often used when a quick response is desired.
Medical uses[edit]
Liothyronine is primarily used to treat hypothyroidism, a condition where the thyroid gland does not produce enough thyroid hormones. It is also used in the treatment of myxedema coma, a severe form of hypothyroidism that can be life-threatening. Additionally, liothyronine is sometimes used in thyroid function tests to suppress thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) production.
Hypothyroidism[edit]
In patients with hypothyroidism, liothyronine helps to restore normal levels of T3, thereby alleviating symptoms such as fatigue, weight gain, and depression. It is often used in combination with levothyroxine, another thyroid hormone, to provide a more balanced thyroid hormone replacement therapy.
Myxedema coma[edit]
Myxedema coma is a medical emergency characterized by severe hypothyroidism, hypothermia, and altered mental status. Liothyronine is administered intravenously in this condition to rapidly increase T3 levels and improve the patient's metabolic state.
Pharmacology[edit]
Liothyronine is a synthetic form of T3, which is one of the two main hormones produced by the thyroid gland, the other being thyroxine (T4). T3 is the more active form of thyroid hormone and is responsible for regulating metabolism, heart rate, and body temperature.
Mechanism of action[edit]
Liothyronine works by mimicking the effects of natural T3. It binds to thyroid hormone receptors in the body, influencing the expression of genes involved in metabolism and energy production. This leads to an increase in basal metabolic rate and affects protein synthesis and the sensitivity of the body to catecholamines.
Pharmacokinetics[edit]
Liothyronine is rapidly absorbed from the gastrointestinal tract, with peak serum levels occurring within 2 to 4 hours after oral administration. It has a half-life of approximately 2.5 days, which is shorter than that of levothyroxine. This shorter half-life allows for more precise control of hormone levels in the body.
Side effects[edit]
Common side effects of liothyronine include symptoms of hyperthyroidism, such as increased heart rate, anxiety, and weight loss. Overdose can lead to serious complications like atrial fibrillation and osteoporosis.
Contraindications[edit]
Liothyronine is contraindicated in patients with uncorrected adrenal insufficiency and untreated thyrotoxicosis. Caution is advised in patients with cardiovascular disease due to the risk of exacerbating heart conditions.
