MS4A2

MS4A2 (Membrane Spanning 4-Domains Subfamily A Member 2) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the MS4A2 gene. This protein is part of the MS4A family of proteins, which are characterized by their four transmembrane domains. MS4A2 is primarily known for its role in the immune system, where it functions as the beta subunit of the high-affinity IgE receptor.

Structure

The MS4A2 protein is a type I transmembrane protein, meaning it has a single transmembrane domain with its N-terminus on the extracellular side of the membrane and its C-terminus on the intracellular side. The protein is composed of 244 amino acids and has a molecular weight of approximately 28 kDa.

Function

MS4A2 is a component of the high-affinity IgE receptor, which is found on the surface of mast cells and basophils. When an allergen binds to the IgE receptor, it triggers a cascade of events that lead to the release of inflammatory mediators such as histamine. This process is a key part of the body's immune response to allergens.

Clinical significance

Mutations in the MS4A2 gene have been associated with a variety of allergic diseases, including asthma, atopic dermatitis, and allergic rhinitis. In addition, some studies have suggested that variations in this gene may also be associated with an increased risk of autoimmune diseases.

See also

• IgE receptor
• Mast cell
• Basophil
• Allergy

References

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