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Revision as of 04:08, 17 March 2025
Antivenom for pit viper bites
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| Routes of administration | Intravenous |
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Anavip is an antivenom used for the treatment of envenomation by pit vipers, including rattlesnakes. It is specifically designed to neutralize the venom of these snakes and is administered via intravenous infusion.
Composition
Anavip is composed of equine-derived F(ab')2 fragments of immunoglobulin G (IgG). These fragments are obtained from horses that have been immunized with the venom of pit vipers. The F(ab')2 fragments are purified and processed to remove the Fc portion of the antibody, reducing the risk of adverse immune reactions.
Indications
Anavip is indicated for the management of adult and pediatric patients with North American pit viper envenomation. This includes bites from various species of rattlesnakes, such as the western diamondback rattlesnake and the eastern diamondback rattlesnake.
Mechanism of Action
The F(ab')2 fragments in Anavip bind to and neutralize the toxic components of pit viper venom. This prevents the venom from causing further damage to tissues and organs, thereby mitigating the effects of the envenomation.
Administration
Anavip is administered intravenously. The initial dose is typically given as soon as possible after the bite, followed by additional doses as needed based on the patient's clinical response. The infusion should be monitored closely for any signs of adverse reactions.
Adverse Reactions
Common adverse reactions to Anavip include mild to moderate allergic reactions, such as rash, itching, and fever. Severe reactions, such as anaphylaxis, are rare but can occur. Patients should be monitored for any signs of hypersensitivity during and after the infusion.
Storage and Handling
Anavip should be stored in a refrigerator at temperatures between 2°C and 8°C (36°F and 46°F). It should not be frozen. The product should be protected from light and kept in its original packaging until ready for use.
See Also
Related Pages
