Prostacyclin

Prostacyclin (also called PGI2) is a prostaglandin member of the eicosanoid family of lipid molecules. It is produced in the walls of blood vessels and serves as an important vasodilator and inhibitor of platelet aggregation.

Production

Prostacyclin is produced from prostaglandin H2 by the action of the enzyme prostacyclin synthase. It is produced primarily in the endothelium of arterial blood vessels. The production of prostacyclin is one of the main ways the body regulates blood flow and clotting.

Function

Prostacyclin serves several important functions in the body. It is a potent vasodilator, meaning it helps to widen blood vessels and increase blood flow. It also inhibits platelet aggregation, which is the clumping together of platelets in the blood. This helps to prevent the formation of blood clots. Prostacyclin also has anti-inflammatory effects and can help to protect the heart and blood vessels from damage.

Clinical significance

Prostacyclin and its analogues are used in the treatment of pulmonary arterial hypertension. They work by dilating the blood vessels in the lungs, which reduces the pressure in these vessels and improves symptoms. Prostacyclin is also being investigated for its potential use in the treatment of other conditions, such as atherosclerosis and cancer.

See also

• Prostaglandin
• Eicosanoid
• Vasodilation
• Platelet aggregation

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