Leukotriene C4: Difference between revisions

Latest revision as of 11:59, 15 February 2025

Leukotriene C4[edit]

Leukotriene C4 (LTC4) is a leukotriene, a type of eicosanoid involved in the inflammatory response. It is part of the cysteinyl leukotrienes (CysLTs), which also include leukotriene D4 (LTD4) and leukotriene E4 (LTE4). These molecules are known for their role in asthma and allergic reactions.

Synthesis[edit]

Leukotriene C4 is synthesized from arachidonic acid, a polyunsaturated fatty acid, through the lipoxygenase pathway. The enzyme 5-lipoxygenase (5-LO) converts arachidonic acid into leukotriene A4 (LTA4), which is then conjugated with glutathione to form LTC4. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme leukotriene C4 synthase.

Function[edit]

LTC4 is a potent mediator of inflammation. It acts by binding to cysteinyl leukotriene receptors (CysLT receptors) on target cells, leading to various physiological effects. These include bronchoconstriction, increased vascular permeability, and the recruitment of eosinophils and other inflammatory cells to sites of inflammation.

Role in Disease[edit]

Leukotriene C4 plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of asthma and allergic rhinitis. It contributes to the symptoms of these conditions by causing airway constriction and promoting mucus secretion. LTC4 is also involved in other inflammatory diseases, such as atopic dermatitis and anaphylaxis.

Therapeutic Target[edit]

Due to its role in inflammatory diseases, leukotriene C4 and its receptors are targets for therapeutic intervention. Leukotriene receptor antagonists, such as montelukast and zafirlukast, are used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis by blocking the effects of CysLTs, including LTC4.

Related pages[edit]

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-'''Leukotriene C4''' ('''LTC4''') is a [[eicosanoid]] and a member of the [[leukotriene]] family. It is a potent [[bioactive]] molecule involved in the regulation of [[immune response]]s and [[inflammation]]. LTC4 is produced by a variety of cells, including [[neutrophils]], [[eosinophils]], and [[mast cells]], and plays a crucial role in various [[pathophysiological]] conditions.
+== Leukotriene C4 ==
-== Structure and Synthesis ==
+[[File:Eicosanoid_synthesis.png|thumb|right|Diagram of eicosanoid synthesis, including leukotriene C4]]
-LTC4 is a [[cysteinyl leukotriene]], characterized by a cysteine residue in its structure. It is synthesized from [[arachidonic acid]] through the [[lipoxygenase]] pathway. The enzyme [[5-lipoxygenase]] converts arachidonic acid to [[5-hydroperoxyeicosatetraenoic acid]] (5-HPETE), which is then converted to [[leukotriene A4]] (LTA4). LTA4 is further converted to LTC4 by the enzyme [[LTC4 synthase]].
+'''Leukotriene C4''' (LTC4) is a [[leukotriene]], a type of [[eicosanoid]] involved in the inflammatory response. It is part of the [[cysteinyl leukotrienes]] (CysLTs), which also include [[leukotriene D4]] (LTD4) and [[leukotriene E4]] (LTE4). These molecules are known for their role in [[asthma]] and [[allergic reactions]].
+== Synthesis ==
+Leukotriene C4 is synthesized from [[arachidonic acid]], a polyunsaturated fatty acid, through the [[lipoxygenase]] pathway. The enzyme [[5-lipoxygenase]] (5-LO) converts arachidonic acid into [[leukotriene A4]] (LTA4), which is then conjugated with [[glutathione]] to form LTC4. This reaction is catalyzed by the enzyme [[leukotriene C4 synthase]].
 == Function ==
-LTC4 is a potent [[vasoconstrictor]] and [[bronchoconstrictor]], and it increases [[vascular permeability]]. It is involved in the pathogenesis of [[asthma]] and [[allergic reactions]], and it contributes to the symptoms of these conditions. LTC4 also plays a role in the regulation of [[immune cell]] migration and activation.
-== Clinical Significance ==
+LTC4 is a potent mediator of inflammation. It acts by binding to [[cysteinyl leukotriene receptors]] (CysLT receptors) on target cells, leading to various physiological effects. These include bronchoconstriction, increased vascular permeability, and the recruitment of [[eosinophils]] and other inflammatory cells to sites of inflammation.
-Inhibitors of LTC4 synthesis or action, such as [[leukotriene receptor antagonists]] and [[5-lipoxygenase inhibitors]], are used in the treatment of asthma and other inflammatory conditions. Measurement of LTC4 levels in biological fluids can be used as a marker of inflammation and immune activation.
+== Role in Disease ==
+Leukotriene C4 plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of [[asthma]] and [[allergic rhinitis]]. It contributes to the symptoms of these conditions by causing airway constriction and promoting mucus secretion. LTC4 is also involved in other inflammatory diseases, such as [[atopic dermatitis]] and [[anaphylaxis]].
+== Therapeutic Target ==
+Due to its role in inflammatory diseases, leukotriene C4 and its receptors are targets for therapeutic intervention. [[Leukotriene receptor antagonists]], such as [[montelukast]] and [[zafirlukast]], are used to treat asthma and allergic rhinitis by blocking the effects of CysLTs, including LTC4.
+== Related pages ==
-== See Also ==
+* [[Leukotriene D4]]
-* [[Leukotriene]]
+* [[Leukotriene E4]]
-* [[Eicosanoid]]
 * [[Arachidonic acid]]
-* [[5-lipoxygenase]]
+* [[Lipoxygenase]]
-* [[Leukotriene receptor antagonist]]
+* [[Asthma]]
-[[Category:Biochemistry]]
+[[Category:Leukotrienes]]
-[[Category:Immunology]]
+[[Category:Eicosanoids]]
 [[Category:Inflammation]]
-{{biochem-stub}}
-{{medicine-stub}}