CENPM

An overview of the CENPM protein and its role in cell division

CENPM (Centromere Protein M) is a protein that in humans is encoded by the CENPM gene. It is a component of the centromere, a region of the chromosome that is essential for proper chromosome segregation during cell division.

Structure and Function

CENPM is a part of the constitutive centromere-associated network (CCAN), which is crucial for the assembly of the kinetochore, a protein complex that mediates the attachment of chromosomes to the mitotic spindle. The kinetochore is essential for the accurate segregation of chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis.

CENPM interacts with other centromere proteins, such as CENPA, CENPB, and CENPC, to form a stable platform for kinetochore assembly. It plays a role in the recruitment of additional proteins necessary for kinetochore function and stability.

Genetic and Molecular Biology

The CENPM gene is located on chromosome 22 in humans. It is expressed in various tissues, with higher expression levels observed in proliferating cells, such as those in the bone marrow and lymphoid tissues.

Mutations or dysregulation of CENPM can lead to improper chromosome segregation, which is a hallmark of many cancer types. Studies have shown that alterations in CENPM expression can contribute to aneuploidy, a condition characterized by an abnormal number of chromosomes.

Clinical Significance

Given its role in chromosome segregation, CENPM is of interest in cancer research. Abnormal expression of CENPM has been observed in certain cancers, and it may serve as a potential biomarker for cancer diagnosis or prognosis. Additionally, targeting CENPM or its interactions could provide a therapeutic strategy for cancers characterized by chromosomal instability.

Research Directions

Current research is focused on understanding the precise molecular mechanisms by which CENPM contributes to kinetochore function and stability. There is also interest in exploring the potential of CENPM as a target for cancer therapy, particularly in tumors with high rates of chromosomal instability.

Also see

• Centromere
• Kinetochore
• Chromosome segregation
• Mitosis
• Aneuploidy

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