Growing Pains

Growing Pains
Synonyms	Benign nocturnal limb pains of childhood
Pronounce	N/A
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Differential diagnosis	N/A
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Growing pains are a common condition in children characterized by intermittent musculoskeletal pain in the legs. These pains typically occur in the evening or at night and are often severe enough to wake a child from sleep. Despite the name, growing pains are not directly linked to growth spurts.

Symptoms

Growing pains are usually described as an aching or throbbing sensation in the muscles of the legs, often in the calves, shins, or behind the knees. The pain is typically bilateral, affecting both legs, and can last from minutes to hours. It is important to note that growing pains do not cause limping, fever, or swelling.

Causes

The exact cause of growing pains is unknown. However, they are not associated with growth spurts or any underlying disease. Some theories suggest that growing pains may be related to increased physical activity during the day, leading to muscle fatigue. Other theories propose that they may be linked to psychosocial stress or genetic predisposition.

Diagnosis

Growing pains are diagnosed based on the characteristic symptoms and the exclusion of other conditions. A medical history and physical examination are usually sufficient. In some cases, additional tests such as X-rays or blood tests may be performed to rule out other causes of leg pain, such as juvenile idiopathic arthritis or osteomyelitis.

Management

Management of growing pains focuses on relieving symptoms. Common strategies include:

• Massaging the affected area
• Applying heat using a warm compress or heating pad
• Administering analgesics such as ibuprofen or acetaminophen
• Encouraging stretching exercises to improve muscle flexibility

Prognosis

Growing pains are benign and self-limiting. They often resolve by late childhood or early adolescence. While they can be distressing for both the child and parents, reassurance and symptomatic treatment are usually effective.

See also

• Leg cramps
• Restless legs syndrome
• Pediatric rheumatology

External links

• Mayo Clinic - Growing Pains
• NHS - Growing Pains