EC-hippocampus system: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox brain | |||
| Name = EC-hippocampus system | |||
| Image = | |||
| Caption = | |||
| Latin = | |||
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| IsPartOf = [[Limbic system]] | |||
| Components = [[Entorhinal cortex]], [[Hippocampus]] | |||
| Artery = | |||
| Vein = | |||
| System = [[Nervous system]] | |||
}} | |||
[[ | The '''EC-hippocampus system''' is a critical component of the [[brain]] involved in [[memory]] and [[navigation]]. It primarily consists of the [[entorhinal cortex]] (EC) and the [[hippocampus]]. | ||
== | ==Structure== | ||
The EC-hippocampus system is part of the [[limbic system]], which is involved in [[emotion]] and [[memory]]. The [[entorhinal cortex]] serves as a major input and output structure for the [[hippocampus]], facilitating the flow of information between the [[neocortex]] and the [[hippocampus]]. | |||
The [[ | ===Entorhinal Cortex=== | ||
The [[entorhinal cortex]] is located in the [[medial temporal lobe]] and is a crucial hub in the [[brain]]'s [[memory]] network. It is involved in the processing of [[spatial memory]] and [[navigation]]. | |||
=== Hippocampus === | ===Hippocampus=== | ||
The [[hippocampus]] is a small, curved formation in the [[brain]] that plays an essential role in the formation of new [[memories]] and is also associated with [[learning]] and [[emotions]]. | |||
The [[ | ==Function== | ||
The EC-hippocampus system is primarily responsible for the consolidation of [[information]] from [[short-term memory]] to [[long-term memory]], and in [[spatial memory]] that enables [[navigation]]. | |||
[[ | ===Memory=== | ||
The [[hippocampus]] is involved in the formation of new [[memories]] and is essential for [[declarative memory]], which includes [[facts]] and [[events]]. The [[entorhinal cortex]] provides the [[hippocampus]] with [[sensory information]] and is involved in the initial processing of [[memory]] traces. | |||
=== | ===Navigation=== | ||
The [[entorhinal cortex]] contains specialized [[neurons]] known as [[grid cells]], which are involved in [[spatial navigation]]. These cells help the [[brain]] to create a [[cognitive map]] of the environment. | |||
==Clinical Significance== | |||
Damage to the EC-hippocampus system can result in [[memory disorders]] such as [[Alzheimer's disease]] and [[amnesia]]. The [[hippocampus]] is one of the first regions of the [[brain]] to suffer damage in [[Alzheimer's disease]], leading to the characteristic [[memory loss]] and [[disorientation]]. | |||
== | ==Research== | ||
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the precise mechanisms of [[memory]] encoding and retrieval in the EC-hippocampus system. Studies using [[neuroimaging]] and [[electrophysiology]] are providing insights into how [[neurons]] in this system interact during [[memory]] tasks. | |||
==See also== | |||
* [[Limbic system]] | |||
== See | |||
* [[Memory]] | * [[Memory]] | ||
* [[Neuroscience]] | * [[Neuroscience]] | ||
* [[Alzheimer's | * [[Alzheimer's disease]] | ||
== References == | ==References== | ||
{{Reflist}} | |||
== External | ==External links== | ||
* [https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/EC-hippocampus_system EC-hippocampus system on WikiMD] | |||
[[Category:Neuroscience]] | [[Category:Neuroscience]] | ||
[[Category:Memory]] | [[Category:Memory]] | ||
[[Category: | [[Category:Brain]] | ||
[[Category:Limbic system]] | |||
Latest revision as of 21:36, 27 December 2024
| General Information | |
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| System | Nervous system |
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| Precursor | |
| Function | |
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| Clinical significance | |
| Notes | |
The EC-hippocampus system is a critical component of the brain involved in memory and navigation. It primarily consists of the entorhinal cortex (EC) and the hippocampus.
Structure[edit]
The EC-hippocampus system is part of the limbic system, which is involved in emotion and memory. The entorhinal cortex serves as a major input and output structure for the hippocampus, facilitating the flow of information between the neocortex and the hippocampus.
Entorhinal Cortex[edit]
The entorhinal cortex is located in the medial temporal lobe and is a crucial hub in the brain's memory network. It is involved in the processing of spatial memory and navigation.
Hippocampus[edit]
The hippocampus is a small, curved formation in the brain that plays an essential role in the formation of new memories and is also associated with learning and emotions.
Function[edit]
The EC-hippocampus system is primarily responsible for the consolidation of information from short-term memory to long-term memory, and in spatial memory that enables navigation.
Memory[edit]
The hippocampus is involved in the formation of new memories and is essential for declarative memory, which includes facts and events. The entorhinal cortex provides the hippocampus with sensory information and is involved in the initial processing of memory traces.
[edit]
The entorhinal cortex contains specialized neurons known as grid cells, which are involved in spatial navigation. These cells help the brain to create a cognitive map of the environment.
Clinical Significance[edit]
Damage to the EC-hippocampus system can result in memory disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and amnesia. The hippocampus is one of the first regions of the brain to suffer damage in Alzheimer's disease, leading to the characteristic memory loss and disorientation.
Research[edit]
Ongoing research is focused on understanding the precise mechanisms of memory encoding and retrieval in the EC-hippocampus system. Studies using neuroimaging and electrophysiology are providing insights into how neurons in this system interact during memory tasks.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
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