Light chain deposition disease: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Light chain deposition disease | |||
| image = [[File:AntibodyChains.svg|200px]] | |||
| caption = Structure of an antibody showing light chains | |||
| field = [[Nephrology]], [[Hematology]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Proteinuria]], [[Nephrotic syndrome]], [[Renal failure]] | |||
| complications = [[Chronic kidney disease]], [[End-stage renal disease]] | |||
| onset = Typically in [[adulthood]] | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = Deposition of [[monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains]] | |||
| risks = [[Monoclonal gammopathy]], [[Multiple myeloma]] | |||
| diagnosis = [[Renal biopsy]], [[Serum free light chain assay]] | |||
| differential = [[Amyloidosis]], [[Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance]] | |||
| treatment = [[Chemotherapy]], [[Stem cell transplantation]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on response to treatment | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Light chain deposition disease''' ('''LCDD''') is a rare condition that occurs when [[protein]]s produced by the body's [[immune system]] (light chains) accumulate in various organs, leading to organ damage. This disease is often associated with [[multiple myeloma]], a type of [[blood cancer]]. | '''Light chain deposition disease''' ('''LCDD''') is a rare condition that occurs when [[protein]]s produced by the body's [[immune system]] (light chains) accumulate in various organs, leading to organ damage. This disease is often associated with [[multiple myeloma]], a type of [[blood cancer]]. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
LCDD is caused by the overproduction of light chains by [[plasma cells]]. These light chains can deposit in various organs, including the [[kidney]], [[heart]], [[liver]], and [[nervous system]]. The exact reason why these light chains deposit in the organs is not fully understood. | LCDD is caused by the overproduction of light chains by [[plasma cells]]. These light chains can deposit in various organs, including the [[kidney]], [[heart]], [[liver]], and [[nervous system]]. The exact reason why these light chains deposit in the organs is not fully understood. | ||
== Symptoms == | == Symptoms == | ||
The symptoms of LCDD can vary depending on the organ affected. Common symptoms include [[fatigue]], [[weakness]], and [[swelling]] in the legs and ankles. If the kidneys are affected, symptoms may include [[proteinuria]] (protein in the urine), [[hematuria]] (blood in the urine), and [[renal failure]]. | The symptoms of LCDD can vary depending on the organ affected. Common symptoms include [[fatigue]], [[weakness]], and [[swelling]] in the legs and ankles. If the kidneys are affected, symptoms may include [[proteinuria]] (protein in the urine), [[hematuria]] (blood in the urine), and [[renal failure]]. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of LCDD is often challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms. It is typically diagnosed through a combination of [[blood tests]], [[urine tests]], and [[biopsy]] of the affected organ. The presence of light chains in the urine or blood can suggest LCDD. | Diagnosis of LCDD is often challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms. It is typically diagnosed through a combination of [[blood tests]], [[urine tests]], and [[biopsy]] of the affected organ. The presence of light chains in the urine or blood can suggest LCDD. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for LCDD is aimed at reducing the production of light chains. This can be achieved through [[chemotherapy]], [[stem cell transplantation]], or medications that target the plasma cells. In severe cases, [[dialysis]] may be required. | Treatment for LCDD is aimed at reducing the production of light chains. This can be achieved through [[chemotherapy]], [[stem cell transplantation]], or medications that target the plasma cells. In severe cases, [[dialysis]] may be required. | ||
== Prognosis == | == Prognosis == | ||
The prognosis for LCDD varies depending on the organ affected and the severity of the disease. Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis. | The prognosis for LCDD varies depending on the organ affected and the severity of the disease. Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis. | ||
== See also == | == See also == | ||
* [[Multiple myeloma]] | * [[Multiple myeloma]] | ||
* [[Amyloidosis]] | * [[Amyloidosis]] | ||
* [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance]] | * [[Monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Rare diseases]] | [[Category:Rare diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Immune system disorders]] | [[Category:Immune system disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Kidney diseases]] | [[Category:Kidney diseases]] | ||
[[Category:Blood disorders]] | [[Category:Blood disorders]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 23:22, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD medical weight loss NYC and sleep center NYC
| Light chain deposition disease | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | N/A |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | N/A |
| Symptoms | Proteinuria, Nephrotic syndrome, Renal failure |
| Complications | Chronic kidney disease, End-stage renal disease |
| Onset | Typically in adulthood |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Deposition of monoclonal immunoglobulin light chains |
| Risks | Monoclonal gammopathy, Multiple myeloma |
| Diagnosis | Renal biopsy, Serum free light chain assay |
| Differential diagnosis | Amyloidosis, Monoclonal gammopathy of renal significance |
| Prevention | N/A |
| Treatment | Chemotherapy, Stem cell transplantation |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on response to treatment |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Light chain deposition disease (LCDD) is a rare condition that occurs when proteins produced by the body's immune system (light chains) accumulate in various organs, leading to organ damage. This disease is often associated with multiple myeloma, a type of blood cancer.
Causes[edit]
LCDD is caused by the overproduction of light chains by plasma cells. These light chains can deposit in various organs, including the kidney, heart, liver, and nervous system. The exact reason why these light chains deposit in the organs is not fully understood.
Symptoms[edit]
The symptoms of LCDD can vary depending on the organ affected. Common symptoms include fatigue, weakness, and swelling in the legs and ankles. If the kidneys are affected, symptoms may include proteinuria (protein in the urine), hematuria (blood in the urine), and renal failure.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of LCDD is often challenging due to its nonspecific symptoms. It is typically diagnosed through a combination of blood tests, urine tests, and biopsy of the affected organ. The presence of light chains in the urine or blood can suggest LCDD.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for LCDD is aimed at reducing the production of light chains. This can be achieved through chemotherapy, stem cell transplantation, or medications that target the plasma cells. In severe cases, dialysis may be required.
Prognosis[edit]
The prognosis for LCDD varies depending on the organ affected and the severity of the disease. Early detection and treatment can improve the prognosis.
See also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
