Erethism: Difference between revisions
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{{Infobox medical condition | |||
| name = Erethism | |||
| image = [[File:Hg_Mercury.jpg|250px]] | |||
| caption = [[Mercury (element)|Mercury]] exposure is a common cause of erethism. | |||
| synonyms = Mad hatter disease, mad hatter syndrome | |||
| specialty = [[Neurology]], [[Psychiatry]] | |||
| symptoms = [[Irritability]], [[shyness]], [[depression (mood)|depression]], [[insomnia]], [[headache]], [[fatigue (medical)|fatigue]], [[memory loss]] | |||
| complications = [[Tremor]], [[emotional lability]], [[delirium]] | |||
| onset = Gradual | |||
| duration = Chronic | |||
| causes = [[Mercury poisoning]] | |||
| risks = Occupational exposure (e.g., [[hat-making]]) | |||
| diagnosis = Clinical evaluation, history of exposure | |||
| differential = [[Anxiety disorder]], [[bipolar disorder]], [[schizophrenia]] | |||
| prevention = Avoidance of mercury exposure | |||
| treatment = Removal from exposure, [[chelation therapy]] | |||
| prognosis = Variable, depends on duration and level of exposure | |||
| frequency = Rare | |||
}} | |||
'''Erethism''' or '''Erethism Mercurialis''' is a neurological disorder which results from mercury poisoning. Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning</ref>. Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. They may include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, skin rashes, anxiety, memory problems, trouble speaking, trouble hearing, or trouble seeing<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Symptoms</ref>. Erethism is characterized by behavioral changes such as irritability, low self-confidence, depression, apathy, shyness and timidity, and in some extreme cases with prolonged exposure to mercury vapors, delirium<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Erethism#Symptoms</ref>. | '''Erethism''' or '''Erethism Mercurialis''' is a neurological disorder which results from mercury poisoning. Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning</ref>. Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. They may include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, skin rashes, anxiety, memory problems, trouble speaking, trouble hearing, or trouble seeing<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Symptoms</ref>. Erethism is characterized by behavioral changes such as irritability, low self-confidence, depression, apathy, shyness and timidity, and in some extreme cases with prolonged exposure to mercury vapors, delirium<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Erethism#Symptoms</ref>. | ||
== Causes == | == Causes == | ||
The main cause of Erethism is exposure to mercury. This can occur in a variety of settings, including occupational exposure in industries using mercury, accidental exposure in the home, and exposure through the consumption of mercury-contaminated food or water<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Causes</ref>. | The main cause of Erethism is exposure to mercury. This can occur in a variety of settings, including occupational exposure in industries using mercury, accidental exposure in the home, and exposure through the consumption of mercury-contaminated food or water<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Causes</ref>. | ||
== Diagnosis == | == Diagnosis == | ||
Diagnosis of Erethism is based on the patient's clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The clinical history may reveal exposure to mercury, and physical examination may reveal signs of mercury poisoning. Laboratory tests can confirm the presence of mercury in the body<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Diagnosis</ref>. | Diagnosis of Erethism is based on the patient's clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The clinical history may reveal exposure to mercury, and physical examination may reveal signs of mercury poisoning. Laboratory tests can confirm the presence of mercury in the body<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Diagnosis</ref>. | ||
== Treatment == | == Treatment == | ||
Treatment for Erethism involves removing the source of mercury exposure and providing supportive care. In some cases, chelation therapy may be used to remove mercury from the body< | Treatment for Erethism involves removing the source of mercury exposure and providing supportive care. In some cases, chelation therapy may be used to remove mercury from the body | ||
==Images== | |||
<gallery> | |||
File:Fur_hat_maker,_1938_(8868083304).jpg|Erethism | |||
File:PostcardDanburyCTViewOfTheHatFactory1911.jpg|Erethism | |||
File:MadlHatterByTenniel.svg|Erethism | |||
</gallery> | |||
== See Also == | == See Also == | ||
* [[Mercury poisoning]] | * [[Mercury poisoning]] | ||
* [[Metal poisoning]] | * [[Metal poisoning]] | ||
* [[Neurological disorders]] | * [[Neurological disorders]] | ||
== References == | == References == | ||
<references /> | <references /> | ||
[[Category:Neurological disorders]] | [[Category:Neurological disorders]] | ||
[[Category:Toxicology]] | [[Category:Toxicology]] | ||
[[Category:Mercury]] | [[Category:Mercury]] | ||
{{stub}} | {{stub}} | ||
Latest revision as of 15:26, 6 April 2025
Editor-In-Chief: Prab R Tumpati, MD
Obesity, Sleep & Internal medicine
Founder, WikiMD Wellnesspedia &
W8MD's medical weight loss NYC, sleep center NYC
Philadelphia medical weight loss and Philadelphia sleep clinics
| Erethism | |
|---|---|
| |
| Synonyms | Mad hatter disease, mad hatter syndrome |
| Pronounce | N/A |
| Specialty | Neurology, Psychiatry |
| Symptoms | Irritability, shyness, depression, insomnia, headache, fatigue, memory loss |
| Complications | Tremor, emotional lability, delirium |
| Onset | Gradual |
| Duration | Chronic |
| Types | N/A |
| Causes | Mercury poisoning |
| Risks | Occupational exposure (e.g., hat-making) |
| Diagnosis | Clinical evaluation, history of exposure |
| Differential diagnosis | Anxiety disorder, bipolar disorder, schizophrenia |
| Prevention | Avoidance of mercury exposure |
| Treatment | Removal from exposure, chelation therapy |
| Medication | N/A |
| Prognosis | Variable, depends on duration and level of exposure |
| Frequency | Rare |
| Deaths | N/A |
Erethism or Erethism Mercurialis is a neurological disorder which results from mercury poisoning. Mercury poisoning is a type of metal poisoning due to exposure to mercury<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning</ref>. Symptoms depend upon the type, dose, method, and duration of exposure. They may include muscle weakness, poor coordination, numbness in the hands and feet, skin rashes, anxiety, memory problems, trouble speaking, trouble hearing, or trouble seeing<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Symptoms</ref>. Erethism is characterized by behavioral changes such as irritability, low self-confidence, depression, apathy, shyness and timidity, and in some extreme cases with prolonged exposure to mercury vapors, delirium<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Erethism#Symptoms</ref>.
Causes[edit]
The main cause of Erethism is exposure to mercury. This can occur in a variety of settings, including occupational exposure in industries using mercury, accidental exposure in the home, and exposure through the consumption of mercury-contaminated food or water<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Causes</ref>.
Diagnosis[edit]
Diagnosis of Erethism is based on the patient's clinical history, physical examination, and laboratory tests. The clinical history may reveal exposure to mercury, and physical examination may reveal signs of mercury poisoning. Laboratory tests can confirm the presence of mercury in the body<ref>https://www.wikimd.com/wiki/Mercury_poisoning#Diagnosis</ref>.
Treatment[edit]
Treatment for Erethism involves removing the source of mercury exposure and providing supportive care. In some cases, chelation therapy may be used to remove mercury from the body
Images[edit]
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Erethism -
Erethism -
Erethism
.jpg)
See Also[edit]
References[edit]
<references />
